ATI LPN
Questions on Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 24-hour urine collection for vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) has been ordered on a child suspected of having neuroblastoma. When is the most appropriate time for the nurse to begin the collection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: After the next time the child voids. This is because the first void is discarded to ensure that the urine collection is accurate. By starting the collection after the next void, we can capture a full 24-hour sample. Choice A is incorrect because starting at 0700 does not account for the child's first void. Choice C is incorrect because starting at bedtime also does not allow for the exclusion of the first void. Choice D is incorrect as starting when the order is noted does not ensure the accuracy of the collection.
Question 2 of 5
A child with nephrotic syndrome is severely edematous. The primary health-care provider has placed the child on bed rest. An important nursing intervention for this child should be to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reposition the child every two hours. In nephrotic syndrome, edema is common due to protein loss. Bed rest helps reduce fluid retention. Repositioning every two hours prevents pressure ulcers. Monitoring blood pressure frequently (B) is not necessary unless indicated. Encouraging fluids (C) can exacerbate edema. Limiting visitors (D) is not directly related to managing edema.
Question 3 of 5
A child has undergone a kidney transplant and is receiving tacrolimus and cyclosporine. The parents ask the nurse about the reason for these two medications. The nurse should explain that these medications are given to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Suppress rejection. Tacrolimus and cyclosporine are immunosuppressant medications used to prevent the body's immune system from attacking the transplanted kidney. By suppressing the immune response, these medications help reduce the risk of rejection and allow the body to accept the new organ. Boosting immunity (Choice A) would be counterproductive in this scenario as it could lead to rejection. Decreasing pain (Choice C) and improving circulation (Choice D) are not the primary purposes of these medications in the context of a kidney transplant.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to ambulate a school-age client who had an appendectomy. In addition to pharmacological pain management, the nurse can use which nonpharmacological pain-management strategy for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A pillow on the abdomen. Placing a pillow on the abdomen can provide support and gentle pressure, which can help reduce pain and discomfort during ambulation post-appendectomy without the risk of thermal injury or exacerbating inflammation. Heating pads (choice A) and warm, moist packs (choice B) can increase blood flow and potentially worsen inflammation. Ice packs (choice D) are not recommended post-appendectomy due to the risk of vasoconstriction and delayed healing.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is providing nutritional guidance to the parents of a toddler. Which comment by the parent would prompt the nurse to provide additional education?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Leaving meat red in the center indicates undercooked meat, which can lead to foodborne illnesses. 2. Red juices are not a reliable indicator of meat doneness, as harmful bacteria can still be present. 3. Properly cooked meat should reach a safe internal temperature to kill bacteria and prevent foodborne illnesses. Summary: - Choice A is correct as raw oysters can contain harmful bacteria. - Choice C is correct as proper handwashing is essential to prevent the spread of bacteria. - Choice D is correct as using separate utensils for raw meat and other foods reduces the risk of cross-contamination.