ATI LPN
Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 19-year-old comes into the emergency department with acute asthma. His respiratory rate is 44 breaths/minute, and he appears to be in acute respiratory distress. Which of the following actions should be taken first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giving an ordered bronchodilator by nebulizer (B) is the first action for this 19-year-old in acute asthma distress respiratory rate 44 breaths/minute signals severe bronchoconstriction needing immediate reversal. Nebulized albuterol opens airways fast, easing distress and preventing hypoxia, a life-saving priority. Medication history (A) delays critical intervention details can wait. Cardiac monitoring (C) assesses tachycardia but doesn't treat the cause. Emotional support (D) is secondary to airway management. In ED nursing, bronchodilators address the acute obstruction wheezing, dyspnea key to stabilizing the client before further steps.
Question 2 of 5
Which one of the following pathogens is the main cause of bronchiectasis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
A man has died after suffering with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis, his autopsy showed some scars in his lungs with weird-looking acinus. The doctors included that he had a type of emphysema, which is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
Abnormal dilatation of air spaces which are distal to the terminal bronchioles is a definition of which disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
All the following laboratory values are consistent with pulmonary fibrosis EXCEPT?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pulmonary fibrosis stiffens lungs, reducing compliance (D) and total lung capacity (TLC), not residual volume (RV) . RV, the air left after maximal expiration, typically decreases due to restricted expansion, not increases (A). Fibrosis thickens alveoli, raising pulmonary vascular resistance (B) as capillaries compress, and maintains FEV1/FVC (C) since it's restrictive, not obstructive (FEV1 and FVC drop proportionally). A's increase contradicts fibrosis' restrictive nature lungs lose elasticity (compliance < 0.2 L/cm H2O vs. normal 0.5), trapping less air. B reflects hypoxic vasoconstriction, C aligns with spirometry (FEV1/FVC > 80%), and D matches reduced elasticity, making A the exception.