ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on the Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 15-year-old is admitted to the renal unit with a diagnosis of postinfectious glomerular disease. The nurse should recognize that this form of kidney disease may have been precipitated by what event?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Postinfectious causes of postinfectious glomerular disease are group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection of the throat that precedes the onset of glomerulonephritis by 2 to 3 weeks. Menarche, stress, and hypersensitivity are not typical causes.
Question 2 of 5
In the proximal convoluted tubule, chloride ions are reabsorbed because of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chloride follows sodium's active reabsorption in the PCT due to electrical attraction (C), maintaining charge balance. It's not actively transported (A), tied to calcium (B), or driven solely by osmosis (D), making C the mechanism.
Question 3 of 5
If MAP increased from 120 mmHg to 210 mmHg, GFR would most likely
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mean arterial pressure (MAP) rising from 120 to 210 mmHg increases glomerular hydrostatic pressure, boosting GFR (A), unless autoregulation fails beyond ~160 mmHg. Decrease (B) or no change (C) ignores pressure effects, making A likely.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse reviews the urinalysis of a client and notes the presence of glucose. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glucose in urine suggests high blood sugar, requiring immediate capillary glucose testing for evaluation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse prepares a client for a percutaneous kidney biopsy. Which actions should the nurse take prior to this procedure? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: NPO, coagulation checks, and BP control reduce risks before the biopsy procedure.