ATI LPN
Pediatric Immunity NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 14-year-old girl... polycystic ovarian syndrome... hirsutism, amenorrhea, and virilization... These findings are most likely due to which of the following agents?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: PCOS involves elevated androgens (testosterone), causing hirsutism, amenorrhea, and virilization. Estrogen (A) opposes these. FSH (B) and LH (C) are dysregulated but not the direct cause.
Question 2 of 5
The use of epinephrine is contraindicated in clients who:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epinephrine has no absolute contraindications in the context of anaphylaxis, as it is a life-saving intervention. The benefits outweigh risks in all populations, including pregnant women (Choice A), immunocompromised individuals (Choice C), and those over 65 (Choice D). Relative cautions (e.g., cardiac disease) may apply in non-emergent settings, but in anaphylaxis, epinephrine is universally indicated regardless of patient status, making Choice B correct.
Question 3 of 5
For consent to be considered valid it must contain all of these elements except:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Valid informed consent requires voluntariness (Choice B), adequate information about risks and benefits (Choice C), and mental capacity to understand and decide (Choice D). However, the client does not need to be 18 years of age (Choice A) for consent to be valid; minors can consent if emancipated, mature (per local laws), or via parental/guardian consent for vaccines. Age is not a universal requirement, making it the exception.
Question 4 of 5
Active immunity occurs when:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Active immunity occurs when the immune system produces antibodies in response to an antigen, such as after natural infection (Choice A) or vaccination. Choice B describes herd immunity, Choice C is passive immunity (e.g., immunoglobulin therapy), and Choice D, while a type of active immunity, is less general as it specifies recovery, whereas Choice A encompasses both infection and vaccination broadly.
Question 5 of 5
During a routine pediatric visit, a 12-month-old patient will need which of the following vaccines?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At 12 months, the CDC schedule includes Hib (dose 4), PCV (dose 4), MMR (dose 1), Varicella (dose 1), HepA (dose 1, with dose 2 at 18-24 months), and influenza (annually, 2 doses initially if first season). DTaP dose 4 is at 15-18 months, IPV dose 4 at 4-6 years, and RV completes by 8 months. Choice B matches the 12-15 month visit most closely. Choice C lacks MMR and Varicella, critical at this age.