ATI LPN
ATI Medical Surgical Endocrine Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 13-year-old girl collapses while playing basketball. On arrival at the emergency department, she is obtunded. On physical examination, she is hypotensive and tachycardic with deep, rapid, labored respirations. Laboratory studies show serum Na+, 151 mmol/L; K+, 4.6 mmol/L; Cl-, 98 mmol/L; CO2, 7 mmol/L; and glucose, 521 mg/dL. Urinalysis shows 4+ glucosuria and 4+ ketonuria levels, but no protein, blood, or nitrite. Which pathologic abnormality is most likely to be present in her pancreas at the time of her collapse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes mellitus does not become overt until the beta cells are markedly depleted, and insulin levels are greatly reduced. In this case, the girl has ketoacidosis. Amyloid replacement of islets is a feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus; ketoacidosis is not a feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Question 2 of 5
When blood Calcium level is elevated, the body is in a state of hypercalcemia. Which gland is responsible for secreting a hormone to return Ca2+ level to normal and therefore maintain homeostasis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parathyroid secretes PTH to increase blood Ca2+ when low; thyroid secretes calcitonin to lower it when high "question implies lowering, but key says 'c' (thyroid).
Question 3 of 5
All are characteristics of smooth muscle, except?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smooth muscle uses calmodulin, not troponin, for contraction; others are true.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is a direct measurement of the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hemoglobin binds O2, directly measuring capacity; hematocrit is indirect.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following equations shows the correct relation between blood flow (F), pressure (P), and resistance (R)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: F = P/R mirrors Ohm's law for fluids: flow is pressure divided by resistance.