ATI LPN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 1-year-old boy presents with recurrent ear infections and hearing loss. Tympanometry shows flat curves. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Otitis media with effusion causes flat tympanometry and hearing loss post-infections, per AAP. A, C-E have distinct findings.
Question 2 of 9
A girl with Turner syndrome developed some form of masculinization. Her mother is worried because her daughter might develop gonadoblastoma. The following screening test is indicated:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Screening for Y-chromosome material via karyotyping/FISH is key in Turner syndrome with masculinization to assess gonadoblastoma risk (Endocrine Society). A-D are nonspecific.
Question 3 of 9
A 3-year-old boy presents with fever and a limp. Hip x-ray shows joint space widening. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Septic arthritis features fever, limp, and joint widening, per AAP. A, C-E differ in acuity.
Question 4 of 9
A child with a history of cystic fibrosis appears with abdominal pain and vomiting for the past 2 days. Abdominal x-ray reveals multiple air-fluid levels and a mass in the right lower quadrant. The next step in management is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gastrografin enema treats distal intestinal obstruction syndrome in cystic fibrosis, per CFF. A, B, D, E are less appropriate.
Question 5 of 9
A 5-year-old girl presents with hematuria and proteinuria. Labs show low C3 levels. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Poststreptococcal GN features hematuria, proteinuria, and low C3, per AAP. A, C-E have normal or different complement.
Question 6 of 9
Parents ask how their infant developed Meckel's diverticulum. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that this condition occurs when:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Meckel’s diverticulum (C) is a congenital pouch from an unobliterated vitelline duct. Yolk sac-bladder connection (A), inflammation (B), or hernia (D) are unrelated. Document: 'A pouch on the lower part of the intestine present at birth… a blind pouch may form.'
Question 7 of 9
Care for a baby under phototherapy includes select all
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluids A, exposure B, temperature C, eyes D I, II, III, IV, per document p9, 9.
Question 8 of 9
A 3-year-old girl presents with recurrent urinary tract infections. Renal ultrasound reveals bilateral vesicoureteral reflux. The next step in management is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antibiotic prophylaxis is the initial management for vesicoureteral reflux to prevent UTIs, per AAP guidelines. Surgery is considered for severe cases, C is for acute infection, D is adjunctive, and E risks recurrent infections.
Question 9 of 9
Which should the nurse include when assessing the central nervous system (CNS) of a child who is acutely ill? Select one that does not apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CNS assessment includes irritability , lethargy , vomiting , and seizures as signs of dysfunction. Hypoventilation is respiratory, though related.