ATI LPN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 1-month-old infant presents with cyanosis and poor feeding. Echocardiogram shows tricuspid atresia. The next step is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prostaglandin E1 stabilizes tricuspid atresia by maintaining ductal flow, per AHA. A, C-E follow stabilization.
Question 2 of 9
A 1-year-old boy presents with recurrent ear infections and hearing loss. Tympanometry shows flat curves. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Otitis media with effusion causes flat tympanometry and hearing loss post-infections, per AAP. A, C-E have distinct findings.
Question 3 of 9
A 6-year-old boy presents with fatigue and pallor. Labs show hemoglobin of 7 g/dL and reticulocytosis. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hemolytic anemia fits pallor and reticulocytosis, per ASH. A-D differ in labs.
Question 4 of 9
The most important nursing action for a child with epiglottitis is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Airway B is the priority in epiglottitis, per document p33, 8.
Question 5 of 9
A 5-year-old boy presents with hematuria and proteinuria. Labs show low C3. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: PSGN features hematuria and low C3, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
Question 6 of 9
A 3-month-old infant dies shortly after arrival in the emergency department. The infant has subdural and retinal hemorrhages but no external signs of trauma. The nurse should suspect:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Shaken-baby syndrome (D) causes subdural and retinal hemorrhages without external trauma due to violent shaking. SIDS (A), injury (B), and congenital issues (C) don’t match. Document: 'Shaken-baby syndrome causes internal bleeding but may have no external signs.'
Question 7 of 9
A mother refuses all medications except albuterol inhaler for her 5-year-old son with moderate persistent asthma. The boy appears with wheezing and shortness of breath every night for the past week despite albuterol use. The next step in management is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Educating the mother about asthma severity and need for controllers is key, per AAP, as albuterol alone is insufficient for persistent asthma. A, C-E don’t address the root issue.
Question 8 of 9
A child with a history of cystic fibrosis is diagnosed to have pneumonia. The sputum culture reveals Staphylococcus aureus. The next step in management is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IV antibiotics are required for S. aureus pneumonia in cystic fibrosis, per CFF. A, B, D, E are insufficient.
Question 9 of 9
The most important observation post-tonsillectomy is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frequent swallowing C indicates bleeding, per document p45, .