ATI LPN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System Questions
Question 1 of 5
59 yo woman presents with onset of tingling in her toes. Her reflexes are depressed with downgoing toes. The finding that suggests most strongly that this is Guillain-Barré syndrome and not a spinal cord problem is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lack of incontinence strongly favors Guillain-Barré (peripheral neuropathy) over spinal cord lesions, which often affect bowel/bladder control.
Question 2 of 5
If aseptic meningitis due to HSV is suspected, empiric therapy with which antimicrobial is indicated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acyclovir is the antiviral of choice for herpes simplex virus (HSV) meningitis because it effectively inhibits viral replication in this context.
Question 3 of 5
You are treating a 66-year-old man with stable angina with a statin, a b-blocker, a diuretic, and an ACE inhibitor. His BP is 130/82 mmHg and his heart rate is 64 beats/min. He generally feels fine; however, he has started to play golf since his retirement 4 months ago and his knee osteoarthritis is more apparent now. Which ONE of the following treatment recommendations would you suggest for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acetaminophen is safer in patients with cardiovascular risk factors and does not exacerbate hypertension or renal dysfunction compared to NSAIDs.
Question 4 of 5
Group II synovial fluid is typical of which condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Group II synovial fluid is inflammatory and typically seen in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory arthritides, making 'Inflammatory arthritis' the correct choice.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is diagnosed with heart failure with normal ejection fraction. This patient is most likely characterized by a(n)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Heart failure with normal ejection fraction is particularly likely to develop in the elderly, in women, and in those without a history of MI. A middle-aged man with a previous history of MI may have heart failure, but the older woman fits the criteria of heart failure with normal ejection fraction. A young female athlete with cardiomegaly may experience heart failure, but is not the normal patient profile for this condition. A young sedentary male with a high-stress job may experience heart failure, but this patient does not fit the normal profile for this condition.