ATI LPN
Cardiovascular System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
46 y/o asymptomatic male has a brother with hemochromatosis. He drinks 2 beers per day. PE: Normal. Labs: Iron 180 ug/dL, Transferrin saturation 88%, Ferritin 1200 ug/L, CBC normal, AST 52, Abd US normal. HFE gene test +C282Y/C282Y mutation. The most appropriate next step would be:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Liver biopsy assesses for fibrosis or cirrhosis in hemochromatosis with significantly elevated ferritin, despite normal ultrasound.
Question 2 of 5
Your patient with a recently placed prosthetic aortic valve is about to undergo dental extraction. She reports anaphylaxis to amoxicillin. Which of the following should be offered:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clindamycin 600 mg x 1 prior to procedure is appropriate for patients allergic to penicillin.
Question 3 of 5
You are seeing a 61 yo African-American male for back pain, the follow lab is obtained: creatinine 1.9 mg/dl, Hb 8.8, uric acid 10.1mg/dl, Ca 11.8 mg/dl, anion gap is 5 and urine dip is negative for protein. What would be your next diagnostic test?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's presentation with elevated calcium levels and renal insufficiency suggests multiple myeloma as a potential diagnosis. Serum protein electrophoresis is essential in detecting monoclonal proteins, which are commonly found in multiple myeloma.
Question 4 of 5
72-y female with a 40-pack year smoking history presents to the hospital with a 4-week history of hemoptysis and progressive dyspnea. She reports lower extremity weakness while climbing stairs. Vital signs are notable for HR 104 bpm and pulse oximetry 91% on room air. Physical exam identifies symmetric proximal muscle weakness in both upper and lower extremities. Lungs are clear. CT chest shows a 4 cm right hilar mass with bilateral mediastinal lymphadenopathy. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is associated with paraneoplastic syndromes like Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (proximal weakness) and is common in heavy smokers. The hilar mass and rapid symptom onset align with SCLC's aggressive nature.
Question 5 of 5
After sitting in a chair for an hour, an elderly patient develops moderate lower extremity edema. His edema is most likely a consequence of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The backward effects of right-sided heart failure are due to congestion in the systemic venous system and lead to lower extremity edema. Arterial obstruction is not associated with dependent edema of the lower extremities. Left-sided heart failure is associated with pulmonary symptoms. Edema may be associated with peripheral vascular disease, but dependent edema over a 1-hour period is related to right-sided heart failure.