HESI LPN
Pharmacology HESI Practice Questions
Question 1 of 5
A client admitted with shortness of breath and palpitations currently takes an antiarrhythmic medication, dronedarone. Which action should the nurse take to prevent arrhythmias?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action to prevent arrhythmias in a client taking an antiarrhythmic medication like dronedarone is to provide continuous ECG monitoring. This is essential because antiarrhythmic drugs can sometimes cause pro-arrhythmic effects, which may lead to dangerous heart rhythm disturbances. Continuous ECG monitoring allows for real-time detection of any abnormal rhythms, enabling prompt intervention. Measuring orthostatic blood pressure, obtaining a 12-lead ECG reading daily, and assessing the client's apical pulse daily are important assessments in general patient care but may not specifically prevent arrhythmias in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A client is prescribed amitriptyline for depression. The practical nurse (PN) should monitor for which potential side effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: Increased appetite.' Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, is known to commonly cause increased appetite, leading to weight gain. Monitoring for increased appetite is crucial as it can impact the client's overall health and well-being.
Choice A, 'Insomnia,' is less likely as amitriptyline is more associated with sedative effects.
Choice B, 'Weight loss,' is incorrect as weight gain is a more common side effect.
Choice C, 'Dry mouth,' is a potential side effect of amitriptyline, but it is not directly related to increased appetite, which is the primary concern in this case.
Question 3 of 5
How does omeprazole work in treating a peptic ulcer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that works by reducing gastric acid secretion. By inhibiting the enzyme responsible for pumping acid into the stomach, omeprazole helps decrease the acidity level in the stomach, providing relief from peptic ulcers. Option A is incorrect because omeprazole does not increase gastric acid production; instead, it decreases it. Option B is incorrect as omeprazole does not neutralize existing stomach acid but rather reduces its secretion. Option C is incorrect as omeprazole does not coat the stomach lining but acts on reducing acid secretion.
Question 4 of 5
A client with an exacerbation of asthma is prescribed albuterol. The nurse should assess the client for which common side effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tremors. Albuterol, a beta-agonist medication commonly used to treat asthma exacerbations, can lead to tremors as a side effect. Tremors result from the stimulation of beta-2 receptors in muscles, particularly in the hands. Nausea and vomiting (
Choice
B) are generally not common side effects of albuterol. Insomnia (
Choice
C) is less likely to occur with albuterol, as it is a stimulant and can cause alertness rather than sleep disturbances. Dry mouth (
Choice
D) is not a typical side effect associated with albuterol use.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which medication should the nurse review with the client to manage this?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.