NCLEX-PN
NCLEX PN Exam Cram Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which system is primarily affected by tuberculosis (Mycobacterium)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affects the respiratory system. This aerobic bacillus thrives in highly oxygenated body sites, such as the lungs, growing ends of bones, and the brain. The bacillus is airborne, making the lungs a common site for infection.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as tuberculosis predominantly impacts the respiratory system and rarely involves the stomach, heart, or skin.
Question 2 of 5
What skin color does a client with jaundice have?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: yellow. Jaundice is a condition characterized by yellowing of the skin due to increased levels of bilirubin in the blood. This excess bilirubin causes the skin and whites of the eyes to appear yellow.
Choice A, pale, is not typically associated with jaundice.
Choice B, ruddy, describes a reddish skin color and is not indicative of jaundice.
Choice D, pink, is a normal skin color and not a symptom of jaundice.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is instructing a patient about the warning signs of Digitalis side effects. Which of the following side effects should the nurse tell the patient are sometimes associated with excessive levels of Digitalis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Muscle weakness.' Palpitations and muscle weakness are commonly associated with excessive levels of Digitalis. Seizures, depression, and anxiety are not typically linked to Digitalis toxicity. Seizures could be more related to other medications or conditions, while depression and anxiety are not commonly reported side effects of Digitalis.
Question 4 of 5
What is one characteristic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. HIV integrates its genetic material into the host cell's DNA. The virus uses the enzyme reverse transcriptase to make a DNA copy of its RNA, which is then inserted into the genetic material of the infected cell.
Choice A is incorrect because the presence of antibodies does not indicate immunity to HIV but rather exposure to the virus.
Choice B is incorrect as HIV replication occurs intracellularly, inside the host cell.
Choice D is irrelevant to the characteristics of HIV.
Question 5 of 5
When encountering the significant other of a patient with end-stage AIDS crying during her smoke break, what is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Approaching the significant other, offering tissues, and encouraging her to verbalize her feelings is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take. Being left alone during the grief process isolates individuals, and they need an outlet for their feelings. By showing empathy and providing support, the nurse can help the significant other cope with her emotions.
Choices A, B, and C are inappropriate because they do not offer support or encourage the expression of feelings, which are crucial in such situations.