ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is talking with a client who takes NSAIDs routinely to treat osteoarthritis and has a new prescription for misoprostol. The client asks the nurse why he needs the second medication. Which of the following is an appropriate response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Misoprostol will help prevent stomach ulcers, which can develop from taking NSAIDs for a long time. Misoprostol is often prescribed along with NSAIDs to protect the stomach lining and prevent the development of ulcers. NSAIDs can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers, so misoprostol helps counteract this side effect.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because misoprostol is not used to protect kidney function, boost NSAID effectiveness, or act as an antacid. It specifically targets stomach ulcers related to NSAID use.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the development of an in-service about the varicella vaccine. The nurse should include which of the following examples as a contraindication for receiving the vaccine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A client who is pregnant. Varicella vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the potential risk of harm to the fetus. The live attenuated vaccine may pose a theoretical risk of causing harm to the developing fetus. It is recommended that women avoid becoming pregnant for at least one month after receiving the varicella vaccine.
A: Breastfeeding is not a contraindication for the varicella vaccine. In fact, breastfeeding is encouraged after receiving the vaccine.
B: Having an allergy to latex is not a contraindication for the varicella vaccine.
C: Having a sinus infection is not a contraindication for the varicella vaccine.
E, F, G: No information given, so they cannot be evaluated.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for alendronate. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will take this medication right before I go to bed." Alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning with a full glass of water, then the patient should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking it to prevent esophageal irritation and optimize absorption. Taking it before bed increases the risk of esophageal issues.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because drinking orange juice, remaining seated for 30 minutes, and taking the medication just once a month do not align with the correct administration instructions for alendronate.
Extract:
Provider Prescriptions: Tetracycline 500 mg PO twice daily; Vital Signs Initial visit: Temperature 37.1° C (98.8° F), Heart rate 82/min, Blood pressure 118/76 mm Hg, Respiratory rate 16/min, SpO2 99% on room air; Current visit: Temperature 37.5° C (99.5° F), Heart rate 84/min, Blood pressure 122/72 mm Hg, Respiratory rate 18/min, SpO2 99% on room air; History and Physical Initial visit: Client is a 20-year-old female who presents with report of worsening acne over the past few months. Severe inflammatory acne noted over face, neck, and upper back. Client has no significant medical or surgical history. Discussed skin hygiene and use of over-the-counter acne treatments. Current visit: Client reports no improvement in acne since prior visit 2 months ago. Client states they have been gently washing their skin twice daily and using acne treatments as recommended. Client states they are self-conscious and avoids certain social activities. No change in acne noted on assessment. Tetracycline prescribed. Will have the client return to the clinic in 4 weeks.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for developing ________and _________
Correct Answer: B, E
Rationale: The correct answer is B and E. Gastridium difficile-associated diarrhea and Vaginal yeast infection are both conditions commonly seen in clients at risk of developing them due to factors such as recent antibiotic use, immunosuppression, or hormonal changes. Gastridium difficile-associated diarrhea is often a consequence of antibiotic therapy disrupting the normal gut flora, leading to overgrowth of C. difficile. Vaginal yeast infections can occur due to hormonal changes, antibiotic use, or compromised immune system. The other options, such as Increased cholesterol level, Elevated blood glucose level, and Gallstones, are not directly related to the given risk factors and client populations, making them incorrect choices.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is immunosuppressed. The nurse should identify that which of following immunizations is contraindicated for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Varicella. Varicella vaccine contains live attenuated virus which can cause infection in immunosuppressed individuals. This can lead to serious complications. Pneumococcal, Meningococcal, and Inactivated influenza vaccines are all safe for immunosuppressed individuals as they do not contain live viruses. These vaccines help protect against bacterial or inactivated viral infections without posing a risk of causing the disease in immunosuppressed individuals.