ATI LPN
Lpn pharmacology I Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to apply a topical ointment to a patient with a sore throat. Which instruction by the nurse would lead to first to help facilitate absorption of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ensure that the skin is clean and dry. This instruction is crucial because applying the topical ointment to clean and dry skin helps facilitate absorption of the medication. Clean skin ensures there are no barriers to absorption, and dry skin prevents dilution of the ointment, enhancing its effectiveness.
Incorrect choices:
B: Don gloves prior to administration - While wearing gloves is important for infection control, it does not directly affect the absorption of the medication.
C: Take the patient's vital signs - Vital signs are important for overall patient assessment but do not impact the absorption of the topical ointment.
D: Apply to non-irritated areas of the skin - This is important to prevent further irritation but does not specifically aid in absorption.
Question 2 of 5
The LPN/LVN is aware that the bioavailability of a drug is based on multiple factors. Which factor(s) would be included?
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: The correct factors affecting drug bioavailability are molecular weight, fat or liquid solubility, and presence of food. Molecular weight affects absorption rate, solubility influences how well a drug dissolves, and food can alter drug absorption. Depth of breathing and fever do not directly affect bioavailability.
Question 3 of 5
Which term means moving of the medication from the site of administration to the target organ?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Distribution. Distribution refers to the movement of medication from the site of administration to the target organ through the bloodstream. This process is crucial for the drug to reach its intended site of action and exert its therapeutic effect. Biotransformation (
A) is the process of converting drugs into metabolites, not movement within the body. Excretion (
C) is the elimination of drugs from the body, not movement to the target organ. Absorption (
D) is the process of a drug entering the bloodstream from the site of administration, not movement to the target organ.
Therefore, distribution is the only term that directly describes the movement of medication to the target organ.
Question 4 of 5
While caring for a patient with a history of hypothyroidism, the nurse expects which of the following medications to be included in the patient's medication list?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: replacement. In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. Replacement therapy with synthetic thyroid hormone (levothyroxine) is essential to restore hormone levels to normal. This medication helps alleviate symptoms and prevent complications associated with hypothyroidism.
A: Prophylactic medications are used to prevent disease, not to treat hypothyroidism.
C: Palliative medications aim to relieve symptoms but do not address the underlying cause like replacement therapy does for hypothyroidism.
D: Curative medications aim to cure the disease, which is not typically possible in hypothyroidism.
Therefore, the most appropriate medication for a patient with hypothyroidism is replacement therapy.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is admitted to the emergency room with an accidental overdose of a substance that is caustic. Which therapeutic option should the nurse question?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: inducing vomiting. Inducing vomiting is contraindicated in caustic substance ingestion as it can lead to further damage to the esophagus and airway. A: CBC, B: cardiac monitor placement, and C: activated charcoal are appropriate interventions for monitoring and treating the patient's condition. A CBC can help assess for any systemic effects, placement on a cardiac monitor is necessary for monitoring cardiac function, and activated charcoal can help absorb any remaining substance in the stomach.
Therefore, the nurse should question inducing vomiting as it can exacerbate the patient's condition.