ATI LPN
ATI LPN Mental Health Exam IV Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on a patient who has mitral valve stenosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A heart murmur, specifically a diastolic murmur, is a classic finding in mitral valve stenosis due to the obstruction of blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, creating a pressure gradient and turbulent flow audible upon auscultation. Barrel chest is associated with lung conditions like COPD, not mitral valve stenosis. Clubbing of the fingers relates to chronic hypoxia, not specific to this condition. Bradycardia is not typical, as mitral valve stenosis may cause arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation instead.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who was admitted to the telemetry unit after experiencing chest pain, dyspnea, and diaphoresis. Which of the following ECG findings is a manifestation of acute myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ST segment elevation is a key diagnostic sign of acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), indicating myocardial injury due to blocked coronary blood flow. A PR interval of 0.15 seconds is normal (0.12–0.20 seconds), as is a QRS interval of 0.08 seconds (0.06–0.10 seconds). A QT interval equal to the R-R interval is abnormal but not specific to myocardial infarction; it suggests prolonged repolarization, possibly from other causes.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a young adult female client who has been prescribed lisinopril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse plan to include? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B, D, E
Rationale: Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, requires specific instructions:
B) Pregnancy is a contraindication due to fetal harm risk, necessitating immediate notification.
D) A persistent dry cough is a common side effect due to bradykinin buildup, requiring reporting. E) Blood pressure monitoring is essential to assess efficacy.
A) Cholesterol monitoring isn’t directly tied to lisinopril, which targets blood pressure, not lipids.
C) Potassium-rich foods should be moderated, not increased, due to hyperkalemia risk with ACE inhibitors.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on a patient who is postoperative following aortic valve replacement. Which of the following tasks should the nurse prioritize during data collection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain assessment is the priority post-aortic valve replacement because it affects patient comfort, vital signs, and recovery. Unmanaged pain can increase heart rate and blood pressure, stressing the surgical site. Blood pressure, bowel sounds, and catheter site checks are important but secondary, as pain directly impacts immediate well-being and can signal complications like bleeding or infection.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has peripheral vascular disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Walking improves circulation and promotes collateral vessel growth in peripheral vascular disease (PV
D), reducing claudication. While compression stockings, leg elevation, and morning shoe shopping are beneficial, the document specifies A as correct, emphasizing walking’s direct circulatory benefit. Stockings reduce edema, elevation aids venous return, and morning shopping prevents fit issues from swelling, but walking is foundational.