ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing patient response to medications received. Which must the nurse know about these drugs to best evaluate whether the expected outcomes of the drug therapy have been achieved?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Therapeutic effects. The nurse needs to know the therapeutic effects of the drugs to evaluate if the expected outcomes of the therapy have been achieved. Understanding the therapeutic effects helps the nurse assess whether the medications are working as intended to treat the patient's condition. Knowing the chemical composition (choice
B) or mechanism of actions (choice
C) may provide insight into how the drugs work, but without understanding the therapeutic effects, it is challenging to determine if the desired outcomes are being met. Side effects (choice
D) are important to monitor but do not directly indicate if the expected outcomes of the drug therapy have been achieved.
Question 2 of 5
The patient's respirations dropped from 14 breaths/minute to 8 breaths/minute after receiving a large dose of morphine. Which term accurately describes the patient's reaction to the morphine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A:
Toxic. The decrease in respirations from 14 to 8 breaths/minute after a large dose of morphine indicates an adverse reaction known as respiratory depression, which is a toxic effect of morphine. Morphine can depress the respiratory center in the brainstem, leading to a decrease in breathing rate.
Choice B, allergic reaction, involves the immune system and is not related to the respiratory depression caused by morphine.
Choice C, idiosyncratic reaction, refers to an individual's unique and unpredictable response to a medication, which does not specifically address the toxic effect seen here.
Choice D, therapeutic, would not be appropriate as the decreased respiratory rate is not a desired therapeutic outcome.
Question 3 of 5
The patient crushes extended-release pain medication tablets in order to obtain relief immediately. Which term describes the action of this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Medication misuse. Crushing extended-release tablets alters the intended mechanism of the medication, leading to improper use. This can result in harmful effects or reduced effectiveness. Medication dependence (
A) refers to reliance on a medication for normal functioning, not altering its form. Medication abuse (
B) involves using a medication for non-medical purposes or in excessive amounts. Medication underuse (
D) is not applicable in this scenario as the patient is actively using the medication, albeit incorrectly.
Question 4 of 5
The patient is admitted to the cardiac unit. Everyone admitted to the cardiac unit will have an EKG done unless otherwise ordered. This is an example of which type of order?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Standing. A standing order is a pre-established protocol for a specific situation or condition, such as all patients admitted to the cardiac unit getting an EKG unless otherwise ordered. This type of order is routine and does not require specific authorization each time.
A: PRN orders are given as needed, not pre-established like in this case.
B: One-time orders are for a single occurrence, not a routine protocol like in the scenario.
C: STAT orders are for immediate attention, not a routine protocol like in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
When administering a medication, a nurse should check the label on the drug container against the MAR when removing the drug container from the client's medication drawer, when removing the drug from the medication container, and:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Before returning the drug container to the client's medication drawer. This step ensures that the nurse verifies the medication one last time before placing it back in the client's drawer, minimizing the risk of errors. Checking the label at this point serves as a final confirmation that the right medication is being returned to the correct place.
A: After showing the drug label to the client - This step is not necessary for the safe administration of the medication and may waste time.
C: Before calling the pharmacy - Checking the label before contacting the pharmacy is not directly related to ensuring the correct medication is administered.
D: After checking the drug container with a colleague - Relying on a colleague should be done before removing the medication, not after.