ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Question 1 of 5
After administering a medication to a client, the nurse realizes that the client was given another client's drug. What must the nurse do next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Call the health care provider immediately and complete an incident report. This is the correct course of action because it involves notifying the healthcare provider to assess the client's condition and provide appropriate interventions. Completing an incident report is essential for documenting the error, analyzing the root cause, and implementing preventive measures to avoid similar errors in the future.
Choice A is incorrect because notifying the supervisor alone may delay necessary interventions by the healthcare provider.
Choice B is incorrect because checking for drug allergies does not address the immediate need for medical assessment.
Choice D is incorrect as administering the original drug without consulting the healthcare provider can lead to further harm.
Question 2 of 5
When preparing medications for delivery to an assigned patient, the nurse should check each medication for accuracy of drug and dose:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Three times. Checking each medication three times ensures thorough verification of drug and dose accuracy, reducing the risk of medication errors. The first check is typically during medication preparation, the second check before administering to the patient, and the third check just before administration as a final verification step. Checking only one time (
A), two times (
B), or five times (
D) may not provide adequate assurance of accuracy and increases the likelihood of errors. Multiple checks are essential in medication administration to prioritize patient safety and prevent adverse outcomes.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing medication errors. Which situation is an example of a medication error?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because giving a patient a double dose of medication is a clear example of a medication error. Cutting a pill in half is a common practice to ensure the correct dosage is administered, and failing to do so can lead to potential harm or adverse effects on the patient. This error violates the principle of medication safety and can result in serious consequences.
Choice A is not a medication error but rather an adverse drug reaction.
Choice C involves patient refusal, not an error on the part of the healthcare provider.
Choice D indicates inadequate pain relief, which may be due to various factors but does not directly relate to a medication error.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse notes that the patient is scratching and has hives 2 hours after receiving a dose of antibiotic medication. The patient soon starts having difficulty breathing and his blood pressure drops. What is the correct analysis of the patient's condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct analysis is D: The patient is having an anaphylactic reaction and emergency interventions should be started. Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can lead to difficulty breathing, hives, and a drop in blood pressure. In this case, the patient's symptoms of hives, difficulty breathing, and hypotension indicate an anaphylactic reaction. Immediate intervention with epinephrine and other emergency measures is crucial to prevent serious complications or death.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect:
A: Moderate allergic reactions do not involve difficulty breathing and hypotension, indicating a more severe reaction is occurring.
B: Food poisoning typically presents with gastrointestinal symptoms, not hives, difficulty breathing, and hypotension.
C: Mild reactions do not involve symptoms like difficulty breathing and hypotension, which are indicative of a severe allergic reaction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is administering a dose of insulin to a patient. To practice nursing safely and effectively, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Have another licensed nurse double-check the dose. This practice is essential for medication safety to prevent errors in dosage administration. The double-check ensures accuracy and reduces the risk of harm to the patient. Confirming with the patient the site of the last injection (
B) is important but not as critical as double-checking the dose. Giving insulin before a meal (
A) may be appropriate depending on the type of insulin and the patient's condition. Injecting insulin in the deltoid muscle (
C) is not recommended as it can lead to erratic absorption. Having another nurse double-check the dose is a crucial safety measure in medication administration.