ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who was admitted for diazepam toxicity. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Flumazenil. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used for benzodiazepine overdose, such as diazepam toxicity. It works by blocking the effects of diazepam on the central nervous system. Vitamin K (
A) is used for reversing the effects of warfarin, not diazepam. Calcium gluconate (
B) is used for treating calcium deficiency or hyperkalemia, not diazepam toxicity. Protamine sulfate (
C) is used for heparin overdose, not diazepam toxicity.
Therefore, Flumazenil is the appropriate medication to anticipate administering in this situation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who takes furosemide daily for heart failure. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse review before administering the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Serum potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium loss through increased urination. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent hypokalemia, which can lead to cardiac dysrhythmias. Reviewing and addressing any abnormal potassium levels before administering furosemide is essential for the client's safety.
Choices A, B, and D are unrelated to furosemide therapy for heart failure. Option A (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate) measures inflammation and is not directly affected by furosemide. Option B (Thyroxine) is a thyroid hormone level and is not impacted by furosemide use. Option D (Serum aspartate aminotransferase) is a liver enzyme, not typically affected by furosemide.
Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect for monitoring before administering furosemide in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking ferrous sulfate. The nurse should report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epigastric pain. Ferrous sulfate, an iron supplement, is known to cause gastrointestinal side effects, including epigastric pain. This is due to its irritant effect on the stomach lining. Tinnitus (
A) is associated with aspirin toxicity, hot flashes (
B) are not related to ferrous sulfate, and diplopia (
C) is not a common side effect of this medication. In summary, epigastric pain is the correct adverse effect to report because it is a known gastrointestinal side effect of ferrous sulfate, while the other choices are not typically associated with this medication.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is immunosuppressed. The nurse should identify that which of following immunizations is contraindicated for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Varicella. Varicella vaccine contains live attenuated virus which can cause infection in immunosuppressed individuals. This can lead to serious complications. Pneumococcal, Meningococcal, and Inactivated influenza vaccines are all safe for immunosuppressed individuals as they do not contain live viruses. These vaccines help protect against bacterial or inactivated viral infections without posing a risk of causing the disease in immunosuppressed individuals.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is to start using a scopolamine patch for postoperative nausea and vomiting. Which of the following findings is a contraindication for the client to receive the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Narrow-angle glaucoma. Scopolamine can worsen narrow-angle glaucoma by causing pupil dilation, leading to increased intraocular pressure. This can result in acute glaucoma crisis, potentially causing irreversible vision damage. Ménière's disease (
A) is not a contraindication. Increased lacrimation (
B) and urinary frequency (
D) are common side effects of scopolamine but not contraindications. In this scenario, the focus is on identifying a condition that could be exacerbated by scopolamine, making narrow-angle glaucoma the correct choice.