ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 1 L of IV fluid over 6 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 167 mL/hr
Rationale:
To calculate the IV pump rate, divide the total volume (1L = 1000mL) by the total time in hours (6hr).
1000mL / 6hr = 166.67 mL/hr, rounded to the nearest whole number is 167 mL/hr.
This rate ensures the administration of 1L over 6 hours.
Option A: Incorrect as it does not match the calculated rate.
Options B-G: Irrelevant as they do not align with the correct calculation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has pancreatitis and a new prescription for pancrelipase. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will take this medication whole." This response indicates an understanding of the teaching because pancrelipase should be taken whole to ensure proper absorption of the enzymes it contains. Option B is incorrect because pancrelipase does not cure pancreatitis but helps with digestion. Option C is incorrect because fatty stools are an expected side effect of pancrelipase and do not warrant discontinuation of the medication. Option D is incorrect because pancrelipase should be taken with meals, not at bedtime.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will be self-administering enoxaparin subcutaneously using prefilled syringes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will pinch up the skin before injecting the medication." This is the correct statement because pinching up the skin before injecting enoxaparin helps ensure proper subcutaneous administration and prevents injecting the medication into muscle. Pinching the skin creates a subcutaneous tissue fold, making it easier to deliver the medication into the fatty layer beneath the skin, where it is intended to be absorbed. This technique helps reduce the risk of bruising or injury at the injection site and ensures the medication is absorbed properly.
A: Using upper arms for injections is incorrect as enoxaparin should be injected in the abdomen or thigh.
B: Massaging the site after injecting the medication can increase the risk of bleeding or bruising.
C: Expelling air bubbles is important for some injections but not typically necessary for prefilled enoxaparin syringes.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking ferrous sulfate. The nurse should report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epigastric pain. Ferrous sulfate, an iron supplement, is known to cause gastrointestinal side effects, including epigastric pain. This is due to its irritant effect on the stomach lining. Tinnitus (
A) is associated with aspirin toxicity, hot flashes (
B) are not related to ferrous sulfate, and diplopia (
C) is not a common side effect of this medication. In summary, epigastric pain is the correct adverse effect to report because it is a known gastrointestinal side effect of ferrous sulfate, while the other choices are not typically associated with this medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has prescriptions for spironolactone and lisinopril. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperkalemia. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can lead to elevated potassium levels. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can also contribute to hyperkalemia. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial to prevent serious complications like cardiac arrhythmias. Hypoglycemia (
B) and hyperglycemia (
D) are not typically associated with these medications. Hypokalemia (
C) is the opposite of the expected effect.