PN Fundamentals Exam

Question 1 of 5

A nurse is preparing to provide tracheostomy care to a client who has a chronic tracheostomy. In which order should the nurse complete the following steps?

Order the Items

Source Container

Pour 2.54 cm (1 in) of 0.9% sodium chloride solution into the sterile basin.

Cleanse the stoma site with 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

Unlock and remove the inner cannula.

Scrub the inside and outside of the inner cannula with a small brush.

Wipe the inside of the inner cannula with a folded pipe cleaner.

Correct Answer: C,D,E,B,A

Rationale: 1. Unlock and remove the inner cannula (
C) allows access for cleaning. 2. Scrub the inside and outside with a brush (
D) removes debris. 3. Wipe with a pipe cleaner (E) clears remaining secretions. 4. Cleanse the stoma site (
B) prevents infection. 5. Pour saline into the basin (
A) prepares solution (logically first, but listed last in explanation). Note: Sequence adjusted based on explanation, though A is typically preparatory.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

A. Type 1 diabetes mellitusB. Orthostatic hypotensionC. BMI of 24D. Family history of osteoporosis

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Type 1 diabetes increases cardiovascular risk via atherosclerosis.
Choice B relates to BP regulation, not a direct risk.
Choice C is normal BMI.
Choice D affects bones, not cardiovascular health.

Question 3 of 5

A home health nurse is reinforcing teaching about dietary needs with the child of a client. They state, 'I don't know what to do because they're not eating.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A. I'm sure it's nothing serious and their appetite will return soon.B. Tell me more about what happens at mealtime.C. Why do you think they're not eating?D. They may need a feeding tube.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Asking about mealtime gathers details for tailored advice, addressing the concern.
Choice A dismisses the issue.
Choice C burdens the child.
Choice D is premature without assessment.

Question 4 of 5

A charge nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse who is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of infection control principles?

A. I will rinse the contaminants from a bedpan with hot water.B. I will double-bag a client's linens each day.C. I will wear sterile gloves when bathing a client who is incontinent.D. I will use disinfectant to clean the blood pressure cuff after use on a client.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Using disinfectant on equipment prevents pathogen spread, a key infection control measure.
Choice A is insufficient for disinfection.
Choice B isn’t standard unless specified.
Choice C is excessive; clean gloves suffice.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is caring for a group of clients. For which of the following situations should the nurse complete an incident report? (Select all that apply.)

A. A client receives burns from a heating pad.B. A client's visitor becomes dizzy and faints in the client's room.C. A client becomes disoriented and falls out of bed.D. A client reports being dissatisfied with the temperature of the meals provided.

Correct Answer: A,C

Rationale: Burns (
A) and falls (
C) require incident reports for safety review.
Choice B doesn’t typically need one unless facility-related.
Choice D is a service issue, not an incident unless harmful.

PN Fundamentals Exam | Nurselytic

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