ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking allopurinol. Which of the following laboratory findings indicates the medication has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decreased uric acid. Allopurinol is used to treat high levels of uric acid in the blood, which can lead to conditions like gout. A decrease in uric acid levels indicates that the medication is effectively lowering the client's uric acid levels. Triglycerides (choice
A) are not directly affected by allopurinol. Albumin (choice
C) and potassium (choice
D) levels are not typically influenced by allopurinol therapy.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
0800:
Client reports frequent cough, wheezing, and tightness of chest. Bilateral breath sounds with scattered inspiratory and expiratory wheezes.
1000:
Reinforced teaching about newly prescribed medications.
Question 2 of 5
Click to highlight the instructions the nurse should reinforce to the client.
| Take your albuterol when you are having difficulty breathing. |
| Hold your breath for 20 seconds when taking your albuterol. |
| Take the salmeterol 5 minutes before the albuterol when you need both medications. |
| Take the salmeterol 2 times each day. |
| Rinse out your mouth after taking the fluticasone. |
| Take the fluticasone as needed for an asthma attack. |
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Sure, here is a detailed explanation for each choice:
A: Taking albuterol during difficulty breathing helps relieve symptoms promptly.
D: Salmeterol should be taken twice daily for optimal effectiveness.
E: Rinsing mouth after fluticasone reduces the risk of oral thrush.
Incorrect choices:
B: Holding breath doesn't affect albuterol efficacy.
C: Timing salmeterol before albuterol isn't necessary.
F: Fluticasone is a controller, not a rescue inhaler.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a client who has gonorrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use the Z-track technique to administer the medication. This technique helps prevent leakage of the medication into surrounding tissues by sealing the medication in the muscle. The Z-track method involves pulling the skin laterally before injecting the medication, then releasing the skin after the injection. This creates a zig-zag path that closes after the needle is withdrawn, reducing the risk of irritation or staining at the injection site.
Choice B is incorrect because the needle size for IM injections in adults is typically 22-25 gauge and 1-1.5 inches long.
Choice C is incorrect as IM injections should be administered at least 2.5 cm (1 inch) away from the umbilicus.
Choice D is incorrect because aspiration (pulling back on the plunger to check for blood return) is not recommended for IM injections due to the risk of tissue trauma.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for sildenafil to treat erectile dysfunction. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Eating fatty foods can delay the absorption of sildenafil, so avoiding them can help the medication work effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because sildenafil does not protect against STDs.
Choice C is incorrect as sildenafil is usually taken as needed, not twice daily.
Choice D is incorrect as constipation is not a common side effect of sildenafil.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about phenytoin with a client who had a tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitor for gingival hyperplasia. This is important because phenytoin can cause gingival overgrowth, leading to oral health issues. The nurse should educate the client to maintain good oral hygiene and visit the dentist regularly for check-ups.
A: Taking ginkgo biloba increases phenytoin levels - This statement is incorrect. Ginkgo biloba is known to interact with certain medications, but it does not specifically increase phenytoin levels.
B: Taking phenytoin diminishes potassium levels - This statement is incorrect. Phenytoin does not directly affect potassium levels. It is more likely to cause issues with calcium and vitamin D metabolism.
D: Minimize exposure to sunlight - This statement is incorrect. While some antiepileptic medications can increase sensitivity to sunlight, phenytoin is not typically associated with this side effect.
Overall, monitoring for gingival hyperplasia is the most relevant information for the client