ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a daily dose of warfarin to a client. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse check prior to administration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: INR. The International Normalized Ratio (INR) is a crucial laboratory value to monitor before administering warfarin, an anticoagulant. INR helps assess the effectiveness and safety of warfarin therapy by measuring the clotting time of blood. This ensures that the dose is within the therapeutic range to prevent clotting or bleeding complications. Checking white blood cells (WB
C), platelets, or activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is not directly related to warfarin administration. WBC count indicates infection or inflammation, platelets assess clotting ability, and APTT evaluates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. However, these values do not specifically guide warfarin dosing like the INR does.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching about sublingual nitroglycerin with a client who has angina. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D
Rationale: Nitroglycerin is a fast-acting medication used to relieve angina symptoms. Choosing option D shows understanding because nitroglycerin should provide relief within 5 minutes if the medication is effective. This rapid onset is crucial in managing acute angina attacks. Taking the medication every 10 minutes (
C) could lead to overdose and severe side effects. Slow heart rate (
A) is not a common side effect of nitroglycerin. Taking with food (
B) may delay absorption and reduce effectiveness.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin PO to a client who has an infection. The nurse checks the client's medical record and notes that the client has a severe allergy to penicillin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct action is to administer the medication to the client (
Choice
C) because erythromycin is not related to penicillin and is safe to use in clients with a penicillin allergy. Requesting a different medication (
Choice
A) may not be necessary as erythromycin is a suitable alternative. Premedicating with diphenhydramine (
Choice
B) is not indicated for a penicillin allergy. Requesting a different route of administration (
Choice
D) is unnecessary since the oral route is appropriate for erythromycin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 0800 medications to a client. The medication administration record (MAR) states 'phenobarbital' and the medication the pharmacy supplied is pentobarbital. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check the prescription in the client's medical record. This is the appropriate action for the nurse to take because it ensures that the medication being administered matches the prescription ordered by the healthcare provider. By verifying the prescription in the client's medical record, the nurse can confirm if pentobarbital is indeed the correct medication prescribed for the client. Checking the MAR alone may not provide the necessary information about the prescribed medication. Asking the client about previous medications or allergies (choices A, B,
C) may not be reliable sources of information regarding the specific prescription.
Therefore, option D is the most appropriate and logical course of action in this situation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an insulin injection for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Insert the needle into the right thigh at a 90° angle. When administering insulin, the thigh is a recommended site for injection due to its larger muscle mass, which helps with consistent absorption. Inserting the needle at a 90° angle ensures proper depth for subcutaneous injection. This method also minimizes the risk of injecting into a blood vessel or reaching deeper tissues. Using the right thigh allows for rotation of injection sites, preventing lipodystrophy. Administering at a 90° angle promotes optimal absorption and minimizes discomfort for the client.
Choice A is incorrect because a tuberculin syringe is not typically used for insulin administration, and a 15° angle is too shallow for a subcutaneous injection.
Choice B is incorrect as a 20-gauge needle is too large for insulin injections, which are typically administered with smaller gauge needles.
Choice D is incorrect as the Z-track method is not used for insulin injections, and a slow