ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
Children younger than 9 years should not be given tetracyclines because:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Children's teeth may become discoloured. Tetracyclines can bind to calcium in developing teeth, causing permanent discoloration in children younger than 9 years. This is due to the deposition of the drug within the dentin and enamel of the teeth during their development. This effect is particularly pronounced during the second half of pregnancy and in children up to 8 years of age.
Choice A is incorrect because tetracyclines primarily affect teeth, not cartilage development.
Choice B is incorrect as dehydration is not a direct side effect of tetracyclines.
Choice C is incorrect as photosensitivity is more commonly associated with other antibiotics like fluoroquinolones.
Question 2 of 5
Acquired resistance is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acquired resistance (
Choice
D) refers to a situation where a microbe develops the ability to resist the effects of a drug after being exposed to the drug during treatment. This process occurs due to genetic mutations in the microbe that enable it to survive and multiply despite the drug's presence. This is a critical concept in the field of microbiology and antibiotic resistance.
Choices A, B, and C do not accurately define acquired resistance.
Choice A refers to an antibacterial substance, not acquired resistance.
Choice B refers to the ability of an organism to cause disease, not resistance to drugs.
Choice C refers to the severity of a disease, not the development of resistance.
Therefore,
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect in the context of acquired resistance.
Question 3 of 5
Before starting antimicrobial therapy, the nurse assesses a patient for possible drug allergy. Which of the following complaints should alert the nurse to a drug allergy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hives or shortness of breath. These symptoms are indicative of an allergic reaction, which is a serious concern when starting antimicrobial therapy. Hives indicate an immune response, while shortness of breath can be a sign of anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction. The nurse should promptly address these symptoms to prevent further complications.
Incorrect choices:
A: Diarrhea - Common side effect of antimicrobials but not specific to drug allergy.
C: Headaches - Non-specific and not typically associated with drug allergy.
D: Nausea - Common side effect of antimicrobials but not specific to drug allergy.
Question 4 of 5
The term 'mutations' refers to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Permanent inheritable changes to DNA. Mutations are alterations in the DNA sequence that can be passed down to offspring. This definition aligns with the scientific understanding of mutations in genetics.
Choice A is incorrect as mutations do not necessarily cause disease.
Choice C refers to antibiotics, not mutations.
Choice D is incorrect as mutations do not determine disease severity.
Question 5 of 5
Mr. Carter has been recently started on an antibiotic, and has developed a rash and pruritis. You suspect an allergic reaction and immediately assess him for other more serious symptoms. What question would be most important to ask Mr. Carter?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Are you having any difficulty breathing? This question is crucial because difficulty breathing could indicate a severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis, which can be life-threatening. Symptoms like rash and pruritus are common signs of an allergic reaction to antibiotics, but difficulty breathing is a red flag for a more serious reaction that requires immediate medical intervention. Asking about blood in stool (
A), hearing difficulty (
B), or headache (
C) may not be as urgent in this context as they are not indicative of a potentially life-threatening situation like difficulty breathing.
Therefore, assessing Mr. Carter for breathing difficulties is the most important question to ask to determine the severity of his allergic reaction and provide appropriate care.