ATI PN Pharmacology 2023

Extract:

Nurses Notes
0800-
Client reports frequent cough, wheezing, and tightness of chest. Bilateral breath sounds with scattered inspiratory and expiratory wheezes
1000
Reinforced teaching about newly prescribed medications

Question 1 of 5

Nurses Notes 0800- Client reports frequent cough, wheezing, and tightness of chest. Bilateral breath sounds with scattered inspiratory and expiratory wheezes 1000 Reinforced teaching about newly prescribed medications Exhibits Click to highlight the instructions the nurse should reinforce to the client.

A. Take your albuterol when you are having difficulty breathing.B. Hold your breath for 20 seconds when taking your albuterol.C. Take the salmeterol 5 minutes before the albuterol when you need both medications.D. Take the salmeterol 2 times each day.E. Rinse out your mouth after taking the fluticasone.F. Take the fluticasone as needed for an asthma attack.

Correct Answer: A,D,E

Rationale: The correct answers are A, D, and E. A instructs the client to take albuterol when experiencing difficulty breathing, addressing immediate symptom relief. D emphasizes the importance of taking salmeterol twice daily for maintenance therapy. E reminds the client to rinse their mouth after taking fluticasone to prevent oral thrush, a common side effect.

Choices B, C, and F are incorrect. B's instruction to hold breath for 20 seconds is unnecessary and not standard practice. C's guidance on timing salmeterol and albuterol is inaccurate and could lead to incorrect dosing. F's advice to take fluticasone as needed for asthma attacks is incorrect as it is a maintenance medication, not a rescue inhaler.

Extract:

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has taken an overdose of oxycodone. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A. TachycardiaB. TachypneaC. SedationD. Dilated pupils

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sedation. Oxycodone is a central nervous system depressant, leading to sedation as a common side effect. Tachycardia (
A) and tachypnea (
B) are more commonly seen with stimulants, not depressants like oxycodone. Dilated pupils (
D) are typically associated with stimulant or hallucinogenic drug use. In summary, sedation is the expected finding due to the depressant nature of oxycodone, making the other choices incorrect.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a new prescription for celecoxib to treat osteoarthritis. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a contraindication for this medication?

A. Sulfonamide allergyB. Penicillin allergyC. Concurrent use of chondroitinD. Concurrent use of calcium supplements

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfonamide allergy. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that is a sulfonamide derivative. Sulfonamide antibiotics and sulfonamide-containing medications like celecoxib can cross-react in individuals with a sulfonamide allergy, leading to potentially severe allergic reactions.

Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not have a direct contraindication with celecoxib. Penicillin allergy does not increase the risk of an allergic reaction to celecoxib. Concurrent use of chondroitin or calcium supplements may have interactions or additive effects with celecoxib, but they are not absolute contraindications.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking carbamazepine. Which of the following is an adverse effect of carbamazepine and should be reported to the provider?

A. Sore throatB. GingivitisC. Urge incontinenceD. Increased salivation

Correct Answer: A

Rationale:
Rationale: A sore throat is a potential adverse effect of carbamazepine due to its impact on the immune system. It can indicate a serious reaction and should be reported to the provider for further evaluation. Other options like gingivitis, urge incontinence, and increased salivation are not commonly associated with carbamazepine use. Reporting these symptoms may not be as urgent as a sore throat, which could be a sign of a more severe reaction.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about age-related changes that affect medication administration for older adult clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

A. Renal excretion time slows for medication.B. Brain receptors become less sensitive to medications.C. Gastric emptying rate increases.D. Hepatic enzymes process medications more rapidly.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Renal excretion time slows for medication. As people age, kidney function decreases, leading to a slower excretion of medications. This can result in medications accumulating in the body and potentially causing adverse effects.
Choice B is incorrect because aging typically leads to increased sensitivity to medications due to changes in metabolism and body composition.
Choice C is incorrect as gastric emptying rate tends to decrease with age, not increase.
Choice D is incorrect because hepatic enzymes actually process medications more slowly in older adults.