ATI LPN Pharm Quiz Final | Nurselytic

Correct Answer: Guaifenesin is an expectorant that loosens mucus, making coughing up phlegm a normal response. It's not indicative of more pathology, an allergic reaction, or a need for investigation unless symptoms worsen unusually.

Rationale:
Step 1: Identify the medication's action - Guaifenesin is an expectorant that helps loosen and thin mucus in the airways.

Step 2: Understand the expected response - Coughing up phlegm after taking guaifenesin is a normal response due to the medication's action.

Step 3: Evaluate the other choices - A, B, and C are incorrect because coughing up phlegm is not indicative of more pathology, an allergic reaction, or a need for further investigation in this context.

Step 4: Choose the correct response - Option G correctly acknowledges that coughing up phlegm is a normal response to guaifenesin and does not suggest any unnecessary concerns or actions.

Correct Answer: TB patients can have symptoms. Drugs treat both active disease and prevention (latent TB). TB therapy is longer (6-9 months+). Mycobacteria's resistant cell wall necessitates prolonged, combined drug therapy.

Rationale: The correct answer is G. The rationale is as follows:
1. TB patients can have symptoms: TB can present with symptoms such as cough, fever, weight loss, and night sweats.
2. Drugs treat both active disease and prevention: Antituberculosis drugs are used for both treating active TB disease and preventing latent TB from developing into active disease.
3. TB therapy is longer: TB therapy typically lasts 6-9 months or longer due to the slow-growing nature of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the need to prevent drug resistance.
4. Mycobacteria's resistant cell wall: Mycobacteria have a unique cell wall that is resistant to penetration by many antibiotics, necessitating prolonged and combined drug therapy for effective treatment.
In summary, the other choices are incorrect because patients with TB can have symptoms, antituberculosis drugs are used for both treatment and prevention, therapy duration is usually longer, and the unique cell wall of Mycobacteria requires specific drug regimens.

Correct Answer: Misoprostol can induce labor or miscarriage, making it contraindicated in pregnancy. It's safe for osteoarthritis, UTIs, and kidney stones as it doesn't interact adversely with these conditions.

Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A. A client who is pregnant.


Rationale: Misoprostol is contraindicated in pregnancy as it can induce labor or miscarriage due to its uterotonic effects. This medication is used to prevent gastric ulcers in patients taking NSAIDs, not for conditions like osteoarthritis, urinary tract infection, or kidney stones. Thus, it is important to avoid its use in pregnant individuals to prevent harm to the fetus.

Summary of Other

Choices:
B: Misoprostol is safe for a client with osteoarthritis as it does not pose any specific risks or contraindications for this condition.
C: Misoprostol does not interact adversely with urinary tract infections, so it is safe for a client with this condition.
D: Misoprostol does not have any contraindications for kidney stones; therefore, it is safe for a client with this condition.

Correct Answer: Barbiturates have high dependence risk and are rarely used for insomnia/anxiety due to safer alternatives like benzodiazepines. NSAIDs, benzodiazepines, and SSRIs don't fit this profile.

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Barbiturates. Barbiturates are known to have a high risk of physical and psychological dependence due to their sedative effects. They are rarely used to treat insomnia or anxiety nowadays because safer alternatives like benzodiazepines are available. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are primarily used for pain and inflammation, not for insomnia or anxiety. Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed for these conditions but have a lower risk of dependence compared to barbiturates. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are antidepressants and are not typically used for the treatment of insomnia or anxiety.
Therefore, the correct answer is A because barbiturates have a high dependence risk and are not commonly used for these conditions.

Correct Answer: Subcutaneous administration and insulin syringes are correct. A 3 mL syringe lacks insulin unit markings, risking errors. Verification with another nurse is a safety practice.

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Drawing up the ordered dose in a 3 mL syringe is a violation of safe practice when administering insulin. Here's a detailed rationale:

1. Administering ordered insulin subcutaneously (
Choice
A) is correct as insulin is typically administered subcutaneously.
2. Using an insulin syringe to administer the insulin dose (
Choice
B) is correct, as insulin syringes are specifically designed for accurate insulin dosing.
3. Drawing up the ordered dose in a 3 mL syringe (
Choice
C) is incorrect because 3 mL syringes lack insulin unit markings, increasing the risk of dosing errors.
4. Verifying the drawn-up insulin dose with another nurse (
Choice
D) is a safety practice and is correct to ensure accuracy and prevent errors.

In summary, choice C is incorrect because using a 3 mL syringe can lead to dosing errors, while the other choices are safe practices in administering insulin.