ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharm Quiz Final Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of four clients who have peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should identify that misoprostol (Cytotec) is contraindicated for which of the following clients?
Correct Answer: Misoprostol can induce labor or miscarriage, making it contraindicated in pregnancy. It's safe for osteoarthritis, UTIs, and kidney stones as it doesn't interact adversely with these conditions.
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. A client who is pregnant.
Rationale: Misoprostol is contraindicated in pregnancy as it can induce labor or miscarriage due to its uterotonic effects. This medication is used to prevent gastric ulcers in patients taking NSAIDs, not for conditions like osteoarthritis, urinary tract infection, or kidney stones. Thus, it is important to avoid its use in pregnant individuals to prevent harm to the fetus.
Summary of Other
Choices:
B: Misoprostol is safe for a client with osteoarthritis as it does not pose any specific risks or contraindications for this condition.
C: Misoprostol does not interact adversely with urinary tract infections, so it is safe for a client with this condition.
D: Misoprostol does not have any contraindications for kidney stones; therefore, it is safe for a client with this condition.
Question 2 of 5
The patient with tuberculosis is now on isoniazid (INH). Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: BUN, PT/PTT, and CBC aren't specific to INH. Liver enzymes are monitored due to INH's hepatotoxicity risk.
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse should monitor liver enzymes (LFTs) in a patient on isoniazid (INH) due to the risk of hepatotoxicity associated with this medication. 1. Isoniazid is known to cause liver damage in some patients. 2. Monitoring liver enzymes can help detect any liver dysfunction early. 3. LFTs include tests such as ALT, AST, and bilirubin, which can indicate liver damage. 4. Regular monitoring of LFTs is essential to ensure the safe use of INH. Incorrect choices: A. BUN is not specific to INH. B. PT and PTT are not directly related to INH use. D. CBC is not specifically required for monitoring INH therapy.
Question 3 of 5
In which of the following conditions should decongestants be used with caution?
Correct Answer: Diabetes isn't a primary caution. Hypertension risks elevation from vasoconstriction. Allergic rhinitis is a treatment target. Hyperthyroidism and heart disease (E) also require caution, but B is listed correct.
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypertension. Decongestants can lead to vasoconstriction and elevate blood pressure, posing a risk for individuals with hypertension. Diabetes (
A) is not a primary concern with decongestants. Allergic rhinitis (
C) is a condition where decongestants are often used as a treatment. Hyperthyroidism (
D) can have cardiovascular effects and should also be used with caution. However, the primary caution for decongestant use is hypertension due to the potential for exacerbating high blood pressure.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse has an order to administer U-500 Humulin R insulin 10 units. How many units should the nurse draw up when administering this insulin?
Correct Answer: U-500 is 5x concentrated; 10 units requires a U-500 syringe for accuracy. Other options misalign syringe type or dose.
Rationale: The correct answer is G. When administering U-500 Humulin R insulin, which is 5x concentrated, the nurse should use a U-500 insulin syringe for accuracy. Drawing up 10 units with a U-500 syringe ensures the correct dose is administered.
Choice A and D suggest using different syringe types or incorrect doses, leading to potential dosing errors.
Choice C mentions using a 30-unit syringe which is not appropriate for U-500 insulin.
Choice B suggests using a 500-unit syringe which may lead to inaccuracies in dosing.
Therefore, the correct choice is G as it aligns with the concentration of U-500 insulin and ensures accurate dosing.
Question 5 of 5
A student nurse is studying drugs for anxiety and insomnia. Which of the following should be avoided as they counteract anxiolytics and sedatives and may worsen anxiety symptoms?
Correct Answer: Coffee, tea, and chocolate contain caffeine, a stimulant that counteracts anxiolytics/sedatives and may worsen anxiety.
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Caffeine, found in coffee, tea, and chocolate, is a stimulant that can counteract the effects of anxiolytics and sedatives, potentially worsening anxiety symptoms. Consuming these items can lead to increased heart rate, restlessness, and jitteriness, which are opposite effects of anxiolytics and sedatives.
Therefore, it is advisable for a student nurse studying drugs for anxiety and insomnia to avoid these stimulant-containing products to prevent any interference with the effectiveness of anxiolytics and sedatives.