ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 5 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A 45-year-old patient has been prescribed a topical antibiotic for an ear infection. What is the correct way to administer this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tilting the head to the side and pulling the earlobe up and back is the recommended method for adults to straighten the ear canal, allowing the drops to flow directly into the ear canal and reach the site of infection effectively. This method ensures that the medication is properly administered and can work effectively to treat the infection.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing a young adult client who has a hearing impairment for surgery. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allowing the client to keep her hearing aids in is crucial for effective communication between the nurse and the client. Hearing aids help the client understand instructions and respond appropriately, which is essential for ensuring the client's safety and comfort before surgery.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client who is postoperative following a cochlear implant insertion. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eating soft foods is recommended after cochlear implant surgery to avoid putting strain on the surgical site and to ensure comfort while chewing. Soft foods are easier to manage and less likely to cause discomfort or disrupt the healing process.
Question 4 of 5
A 45-year-old male patient presents to the emergency department with complaints of fatigue, muscle weakness, and weight loss. Upon examination, he is noted to have hyperpigmentation of the skin and hypotension. Laboratory tests reveal hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Based on these findings, the patient is diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which interventions should the nurse anticipate for the management of this patient? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Encouraging a high-sodium diet helps counteract hyponatremia due to aldosterone deficiency. Administering IV corticosteroids replaces deficient hormones, stabilizing the patient. Monitoring blood glucose levels detects hypoglycemia from cortisol deficiency. Potassium supplements and diuretics are inappropriate as they worsen hyperkalemia and hyponatremia, respectively.
Question 5 of 5
A 21-year-old patient with a known history of sickle cell anemia presents to the emergency department with severe pain in the lower back and joints, fatigue, and fever. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vaso-occlusive crisis is a common complication of sickle cell anemia, where sickled red blood cells block blood flow, causing severe pain, fever, and fatigue, matching the patient's symptoms.