ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Vital Signs Day 1: Temperature 37.2° C (99° F), Blood pressure 124/56 mm Hg, Heart rate 66/min, Respiratory rate 16/min, Oxygen saturation 95% on room air; Day 2: Temperature 37.2° C (99° F), Heart rate 112/min, Respiratory rate 28/min, Blood pressure 148/86 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 90% on room air; Medication Administration Record: Albuterol 2 inhalations every 4 to 6 hr PRN wheezing, Bisacodyl 10 mg suppository daily PRN constipation, Prochlorperazine 10 mg PO 3 to 4 times per day PRN nausea, Morphine 4 mg IV bolus every 4 hr PRN severe pain, Acetaminophen 325 to 650 mg every 4 to 6 hr PRN pain or temperature greater than 38.4° C (101.1° F); Nurses' Notes Day 1: Bilateral breath sounds are clear and present throughout. Client reports pain as 2 on a scale of 0 to 10. Abdomen soft, nondistended, bowel sounds hypoactive. Client has a history of asthma. Day 2: Respirations rapid and shallow. Bilateral breath sounds with scattered wheezing. Client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Client reports no nausea or constipation. Abdomen soft, nondistended, bowel sounds audible.
Question 1 of 5
The nurse should contribute to the plan of care by administering _______ and ______ to the client.
Correct Answer: B, C
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Albuterol) and C (Morphine). Albuterol is a bronchodilator used for treating respiratory conditions like asthma by opening up the airways. Morphine is an opioid analgesic for managing severe pain. The nurse's role includes administering these medications based on the client's needs and the healthcare provider's prescriptions. Prochlorperazine (
A) is an antiemetic for nausea and vomiting, not relevant here. Bisacodyl (
D) is a laxative for constipation, not related to the client's current care needs. Acetaminophen (E) is a pain reliever, but not as potent as morphine for severe pain.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking ferrous sulfate. The nurse should report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Epigastric pain. Ferrous sulfate, an iron supplement, is known to cause gastrointestinal side effects, including epigastric pain. This is due to its irritant effect on the stomach lining. Tinnitus (
A) is associated with aspirin toxicity, hot flashes (
B) are not related to ferrous sulfate, and diplopia (
C) is not a common side effect of this medication. In summary, epigastric pain is the correct adverse effect to report because it is a known gastrointestinal side effect of ferrous sulfate, while the other choices are not typically associated with this medication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who had abdominal surgery. The client is grimacing and has a respiratory rate of 24/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check the client's current level of pain. The nurse should prioritize assessing the client's pain as grimacing and increased respiratory rate can indicate pain. By assessing the pain level first, the nurse can address the client's immediate needs and provide appropriate pain relief interventions. Option B is incorrect as distraction may not address the underlying cause of the client's discomfort. Option C is also incorrect as repositioning may not alleviate pain. Option D is incorrect as a cold compress may not be the appropriate intervention without assessing the cause of the pain first.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an influenza immunization IM to an infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use a ½-Inch needle. Infants have limited muscle mass, so a shorter needle length is appropriate to prevent reaching deep tissues or causing discomfort.
Choice B, using a 22-gauge needle, is incorrect as a smaller gauge needle is preferred for infants to reduce pain and tissue damage.
Choice C, using the flushing technique, is irrelevant for administering an IM injection.
Choice D, using the deltoid muscle for the injection site, is incorrect as the vastus lateralis muscle is recommended for infants due to better muscle development and less risk of nerve or vascular damage.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the allergies of a client who has rheumatoid arthritis prior to administering celecoxib to the client. The nurse should identify that which of the following allergies is a contraindication for receiving this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sulfonamides. Celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that belongs to the sulfonamide class. Patients with a known allergy to sulfonamides should not receive celecoxib due to the risk of an allergic reaction. Sulfonamide allergies can manifest as severe skin reactions, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis, which can be life-threatening. It is crucial for the nurse to identify this allergy as a contraindication to prevent adverse reactions.
Incorrect choices:
B: Shellfish - Shellfish allergy is not directly related to sulfonamide drugs like celecoxib.
C: Fluoroquinolones - Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics and not related to celecoxib.
D: Peanuts - Peanut allergy is not associated with sulfonamide drugs like celecoxib.