ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for fexofenadine tablets to treat seasonal allergies. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid driving until adverse effects of fexofenadine are known because this medication may cause drowsiness or dizziness, which can impair driving ability. This is crucial for the client's safety and the safety of others. Taking the medication with magnesium hydroxide (choice
A) is not recommended as it can decrease the effectiveness of fexofenadine. Drinking excessive fluid (choice
B) is not necessary and may lead to potential side effects. Taking the medication with orange juice (choice
C) is not necessary for fexofenadine.
Therefore, the most important information for the nurse to include is to advise the client to avoid driving until they are aware of how the medication affects them.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a prescription for exenatide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Inject the medication into the subcutaneous tissue of your abdomen." Exenatide is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and is administered via subcutaneous injection. This route allows for the medication to be absorbed steadily into the bloodstream. Injecting into the abdomen ensures optimal absorption and avoids muscle or nerve injury.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. B, discarding excess medication after 60 days, is important but not specific to exenatide. C, taking the medication at bedtime, is not a general instruction for exenatide. D, contacting the provider for unexplained muscle pain, is not directly related to exenatide administration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who received diphenhydramine for insomnia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an idiosyncratic reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Agitation. An idiosyncratic reaction is an unexpected response to a medication that is not related to the known pharmacological actions of the drug. In this case, diphenhydramine is an antihistamine primarily known for its sedative effects, not causing agitation. Dry mouth (choice
A) and dizziness (choice
D) are common side effects of diphenhydramine due to its anticholinergic properties. Nausea (choice
B) can also be a common side effect. In summary, agitation is the idiosyncratic reaction as it is not a typical response to diphenhydramine, unlike the other choices which are more commonly associated side effects.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is talking with a client who has been taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following over-the-counter medications within 4 hr of taking levothyroxine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium supplements. Levothyroxine can bind to calcium, iron, and other minerals, reducing its absorption. Taking calcium supplements within 4 hours of levothyroxine can decrease the effectiveness of levothyroxine. This interference can lead to inadequate thyroid hormone levels in the body, potentially worsening hypothyroidism symptoms.
Therefore, it is crucial for the client to avoid taking calcium supplements close to the time of levothyroxine administration.
Incorrect choices:
A: Fish oil supplements - Fish oil supplements do not interfere with levothyroxine absorption.
C: Bulk-forming laxatives - Bulk-forming laxatives do not significantly impact levothyroxine absorption.
D: Oral antihistamines - Oral antihistamines do not affect levothyroxine absorption.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has heart failure and a prescription for a repeat dose of furosemide 40 mg orally. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Review the client's electrolyte levels. This is the priority because furosemide is a diuretic that can cause electrolyte imbalances, especially in older adults with heart failure. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications like hypokalemia or hyponatremia. Option A is important but not the priority in this scenario. Option B can be done after the priority action. Option C is important but assessing electrolyte levels takes precedence. Options E, F, and G are not provided in the question and are irrelevant. In summary, monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent adverse effects of furosemide in this client.