ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 7 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of irritable bowel syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IBS is characterized by a change in bowel habits, which may include alternating episodes of constipation and diarrhea. Weight loss and malnutrition are not typical; they suggest other conditions like inflammatory bowel disease. Severe rectal bleeding is not associated with IBS but with conditions like hemorrhoids or colorectal cancer. Fever and leukocytosis indicate systemic inflammation, not IBS.
Question 2 of 5
The emergency room nurse is caring for a client just diagnosed with a bowel obstruction secondary to adhesions. Which of the following orders should the nurse complete first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nasogastric tube is essential for decompressing the stomach, relieving pressure, and preventing aspiration in bowel obstruction, making it the priority. IV fluids are important but potassium administration requires electrolyte assessment first. Drawing a metabolic panel is secondary to stabilization. Ambulation is contraindicated in acute bowel obstruction.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing clients in a health clinic for risk factors for contracting hepatitis. Which of the following clients is at risk for developing hepatitis C?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hepatitis C is bloodborne and can be transmitted through contaminated needles, such as those used in tattooing if proper sterilization is not followed. Child care settings and raw shellfish are associated with hepatitis A, while travel to underdeveloped countries increases risk for hepatitis A and E, not C.
Question 4 of 5
A client with cirrhosis is scheduled for a paracentesis. Which of the following statements indicate that the client understands the purpose of the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Paracentesis removes ascitic fluid from the abdomen to relieve discomfort and respiratory compromise, making this the correct understanding. It does not cure liver disease, lower ammonia levels (managed by lactulose), or inherently reduce infection risk.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage liver disease and a recent diagnosis of thrombocytopenia. Which of the following statements provides the best recommendation to prevent complications of bleeding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using a soft-bristle toothbrush minimizes gum trauma and bleeding risk in thrombocytopenia. Ice packs manage active bleeding but are not preventive. Floss picks may still cause gum trauma, and wearing short-sleeved clothing monitors bruising but does not prevent bleeding.