ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and takes insulin glargine and insulin aspart. Which of the following actions indicates that the client understands the instructions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Administering insulin glargine at the same time every day helps maintain consistent blood sugar levels due to its long-acting nature. Mixing insulin aspart and glargine is incorrect as they have different onset and duration of action. Administering insulin aspart 30 min before breakfast may not align with the client's meal timing. Storing open vials of insulin glargine at room temperature for 60 days exceeds the recommended storage duration, risking potency and efficacy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a young adult client who has a new prescription for ear drops. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pull the pinna up and back to administer medication. This instruction is correct because pulling the pinna up and back helps straighten the ear canal in adults, allowing the drops to be instilled properly. This technique ensures that the medication reaches the desired target area for optimal effectiveness.
Explanation of other choices:
A: Chilling the medication is not necessary and can cause discomfort to the client.
B: Pressing a cotton ball firmly in the ear canal can prevent the drops from reaching the ear canal.
D: Placing an applicator into the ear canal can cause injury or damage to the ear canal and eardrum.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is immunosuppressed. The nurse should identify that which of following immunizations is contraindicated for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Varicella. The client is immunosuppressed, so live vaccines like varicella should be avoided to prevent potential complications. Live vaccines can cause infection in immunocompromised individuals. Pneumococcal, Meningococcal, and Inactivated influenza vaccines are safe for immunosuppressed clients as they are not live vaccines. Varicella is contraindicated due to the risk of causing varicella infection in an immunocompromised individual.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a 1-year-old client following the administration of the measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine (MMR). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the parents to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shortness of breath. Shortness of breath can indicate a severe allergic reaction or anaphylaxis, which is a rare but serious adverse effect of the MMR vaccine. It is crucial to report this immediately to the healthcare provider for prompt evaluation and management to prevent any complications.
A: Glandular swelling around the jaw is a common and mild side effect of the MMR vaccine, typically resolving on its own and not requiring immediate medical attention.
B: Redness around the injection site is a common and expected reaction to the vaccine, usually resolving without intervention.
C: A temperature of 37.3° C (99.2° F) is a low-grade fever, which can be a normal response to vaccination and typically does not require urgent medical attention.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has an NG tube. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer through the NG tube?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lovastatin. Lovastatin is a medication that can be administered through an NG tube as it is available in a liquid form suitable for tube administration. Dipivefrin (
A) and Salmeterol (
B) are not suitable for NG tube administration as they are ophthalmic and inhalation medications, respectively. Nitroglycerin (
D) is typically given sublingually or transdermally for rapid effect, not via NG tube.