ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client following an episode of status asthmaticus. The client has a prescription for two inhalations from an albuterol metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will hold my breath at least 10 seconds after inhaling the medication." This statement indicates understanding because holding the breath after inhaling albuterol allows the medication to reach deeper into the lungs for better absorption and effectiveness. Holding the breath for 10 seconds ensures adequate time for the medication to be deposited in the airways.
Choice A is incorrect because holding the inhaler with the non-dominant hand does not directly impact the correct administration of the medication.
Choice C is incorrect as waiting 10 minutes between inhalations is not necessary and may delay proper treatment during an acute asthma attack.
Choice D is incorrect as tilting the head forward while inhaling does not contribute to the effectiveness of the medication.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enteric-coated aspirin to an older adult client who had a cerebrovascular accident and has difficulty swallowing medications. The client asks the nurse if she will crush the medication to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - That would release all the medication at once, rather than over time.
Rationale: Enteric-coated aspirin is designed to dissolve in the small intestine, not the stomach. Crushing it would disrupt this mechanism, leading to the rapid release of the entire dose in the stomach. This can increase the risk of adverse effects such as gastric irritation or ulcers. By maintaining the enteric coating intact, the medication can be slowly absorbed in the intestine, reducing the likelihood of gastrointestinal issues.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Stomach acid will inactivate some of the medication if I crush the medication. - While stomach acid can affect medication absorption, the primary concern with enteric-coated aspirin is the disruption of its intended slow release mechanism, not inactivation by stomach acid.
B: If I crush it you might experience a stomach ache or indigestion. - This is a potential consequence of crushing enteric-coated aspirin, but the main concern is the immediate release
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: I should expect to feel hungrier while on this medication. Prednisone can increase appetite and lead to weight gain, which can affect blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. Increased hunger is a common side effect of prednisone, and understanding this can help the client manage their diabetes effectively.
Incorrect Answers:
A: I might notice a decrease in my blood sugar while taking this medication. - Prednisone can actually increase blood sugar levels.
C: I might have a fever while taking this medication. - Fever is not a common side effect of prednisone.
D: This medication can cause ringing in my ears. - Tinnitus is not a typical side effect of prednisone.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check the client's vital signs. This should be done first to assess the immediate impact of the wrong medication on the client's health. Vital signs provide crucial information about the client's current condition and any potential adverse effects of the medication error. This step is essential for prompt identification of any complications and to guide subsequent actions.
Option A (Notify the charge nurse) can be done after checking vital signs to inform the appropriate personnel. Option B (Fill out an incident report) is important but not immediate. Option C (Document the client's condition) can be done after addressing the immediate concern of vital signs.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is calculating a client's fluid intake over the past 8 hr. The client had one 8-oz cup of coffee 3 oz of juice, and 12 oz of soda. The client's water pitcher had 800 mL and 200 mL remain. The client also had IV fluids infusing at 40 mL/hr via an IV pump. How many mL should the nurse document as the client's total intake for the shift?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1,610 mL.
To calculate the total intake, we need to add up all the sources of fluid intake: 8 oz coffee (240 mL), 3 oz juice (90 mL), 12 oz soda (360 mL), water pitcher (600 mL - 200 mL), and IV fluids (40 mL/hr x 8 hr = 320 mL).
Total intake = 240 + 90 + 360 + (600 - 200) + 320 = 1,610 mL.
Choice B is incorrect because it does not account for all the sources of fluid intake.
Choice C and D are incorrect because they overestimate the total intake.