ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client following an episode of status asthmaticus. The client has a prescription for two inhalations from an albuterol metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will hold my breath at least 10 seconds after inhaling the medication." Holding the breath for at least 10 seconds after inhaling allows the medication to reach deep into the lungs for better absorption and effectiveness. This statement demonstrates an understanding of optimal inhaler technique, ensuring maximum benefit from the medication.
Choice A is incorrect because the hand used to hold the inhaler does not impact the effectiveness of the medication.
Choice C is incorrect as waiting 10 minutes between inhalations is not recommended and could delay necessary treatment.
Choice D is incorrect as tilting the head forward does not affect the delivery of the medication.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 400 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride IV over 8 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the IV infusion rate in gtt/min, we first convert 8 hours to minutes (8 hr x 60 min/hr = 480 min).
Then, we use the formula: (Volume to be infused in mL / Time in min) x Drop factor (gtt/mL). Plugging in the values: (400 mL / 480 min) x 60 gtt/mL = 50 gtt/min.
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
Choice B (25 gtt/min) is incorrect as it would be half the correct rate.
Choice C (100 gtt/min) is incorrect as it would be double the correct rate.
Choice D (75 gtt/min) is incorrect as it is closer to the correct rate but still incorrect.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse administered nitroglycerin sublingually to a client who has angina pectoris and experienced chest pain. The client states that his chest pain is relieved but now he has a headache. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A. A headache is a common adverse effect of nitroglycerin due to its vasodilatory effects. Over time, the body may develop tolerance to this side effect. It is important for the nurse to educate the client about this common occurrence to alleviate any concerns.
Choice B is incorrect because a headache is not indicative of an allergic reaction to nitroglycerin.
Choice C is incorrect as the headache is likely a direct result of the medication, not anxiety.
Choice D is incorrect as a headache does not indicate tolerance to the medication.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse regarding sources of medication information. Which of the following resources should the nurse include as reliable references for the nurse to use to evaluate medication information? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, and D. The Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) is a comprehensive source providing detailed drug information. Published journals undergo rigorous peer review, ensuring credibility. Pharmacists are medication experts and can provide accurate information.
Choice C, pharmaceutical sales representatives, may have biased information.
Choices E, F, G are not provided. In summary, A, B, and D are reliable sources due to their credibility and expertise, while C lacks impartiality and E, F, G are unknown.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take first is to check the client's vital signs (
Choice
D). This is essential to assess any immediate impact of the wrong medication on the client's health and to determine if any urgent interventions are needed. By checking the vital signs, the nurse can quickly identify any signs of distress or complications and initiate appropriate actions to ensure the client's safety.
Notifying the charge nurse (
Choice
A) can come after ensuring the client's immediate well-being. Filling out an incident report (
Choice
B) and documenting the client's condition in the electronic medical record (
Choice
C) are important, but they should follow the assessment of the client's vital signs. These actions help in reporting and documenting the error for quality improvement purposes.
In summary, checking the client's vital signs is the priority as it directly addresses the immediate health impact of the wrong medication, while the other actions are necessary but should follow after ensuring the client's safety.