ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Course Questions
Question 1 of 5
Who developed the first theory of nursing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Florence Nightingale developed nursing's first theory in the 1850s, focusing on environmental manipulation for recovery e.g., improving sanitation in Crimean War hospitals. Hammurabi (lawmaker), Alexander (conqueror), and Fabiola (early caregiver) contributed historically but didn't theorize nursing. Nightingale's work formalized the profession, influencing modern standards like infection control, marking her as the pioneer theorist.
Question 2 of 5
Collection of data by interview, observation and examination is under what step of the nursing process?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessment, the first nursing process step, gathers data via interview (history), observation (vitals), and examination (physical) e.g., noting a patient's dyspnea. Planning sets goals, implementation acts, and evaluation reviews outcomes. This systematic data collection, per Gordon's framework, drives accurate care planning in practice.
Question 3 of 5
In cleaning the thermometer after use, The direction of the cleaning to follow Medical Asepsis is :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cleaning from stem to bulb least to most contaminated follows medical asepsis e.g., wiping away from the anus-exposed tip. Bulb-to-stem spreads germs; other options are illogical. Nurses use this e.g., alcohol wipes per infection control, preventing cross-contamination.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is TRUE about the auscultation of blood pressure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The stethoscope bell auscultates low-frequency Korotkoff sounds e.g., tapping in BP unlike the diaphragm (high-frequency). Pulse +4 (bounding), +1 (weak), and sound pitch (low) differ. Nurses use this e.g., bell placement for clear readings, per auscultation technique.
Question 5 of 5
She described the four conservation principle.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Myra Levine's Conservation Model (1960s) outlines four principles energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, social integrity to maintain wholeness. For example, conserving energy via rest aids a fatigued patient's recovery. Leininger's cultural care, Orlando's patient needs, and Parse's existential focus differ. Levine's framework guides nurses to preserve patient unity e.g., protecting skin integrity impacting holistic strategies in acute and chronic care settings.