Under new U.S. Food and Drug Administration labeling, Pregnancy Categories will be:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is correct because the FDA replaced letter categories (A, B, C, etc.) with detailed risk summaries and clinical considerations to better inform prescribing during pregnancy. Choice A is incorrect as no new coding like C+ exists. Choice C is wrong because categories aren't just linked to TOXNET—they're replaced with narrative data. Choice D is incorrect since trimester-specific dosages aren't the standard replacement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Choice A is correct because the FDA's Orange Book lists generic drugs' therapeutic equivalence (e.g., AB rating) to brand-name drugs, aiding substitution decisions. Choice B is incorrect as it's not a brand-name catalog. Choice C is wrong because it doesn't provide pricing. Choice D is incorrect since only A fits.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is correct because all listed strategies—screening for dependency, setting firm limits, and refusing inappropriate requests—help prevent misuse of controlled drugs by identifying risks and maintaining control. Choice A is incorrect alone as screening is just one tool. Choice B is wrong by itself because limits need broader support. Choice C is incorrect solo since refusal must be part of a comprehensive approach.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is correct because ketamine is a Schedule III drug with moderate abuse potential and medical use (anesthetic), per DEA. Choice A is incorrect as oxycodone is Schedule II. Choice C is wrong because lorazepam is Schedule IV. Choice D is incorrect since only ketamine fits.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Choice C is correct because women generally have a higher percentage of body fat, affecting the volume of distribution for lipophilic drugs, a key pharmacokinetic difference. Choice A is incorrect as body temperature differences are minimal and don't significantly alter pharmacokinetics. Choice B is wrong because men, not women, typically have greater muscle mass. Choice D is incorrect since subjective factors aren't proven pharmacokinetic variables.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because women 13-26 should get the three-dose HPV series, even with abnormal Pap. Choice A is incorrect (vaccine still beneficial). Choice B is wrong (single dose insufficient). Choice D is inaccurate (partner not the focus).

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is correct because a rash from topical medication is typically a type IV allergic reaction, a delayed hypersensitivity mediated by T-cells, common in skin responses. Choice A is incorrect as type I is immediate, like anaphylaxis, not a rash. Choice B is wrong because type II is cytotoxic, not skin-based. Choice C is incorrect since type III involves immune complexes, not topical rashes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is correct because isotretinoin requires a REMS due to teratogenicity, involving strict pregnancy prevention measures, unlike others. Choice A is incorrect as acetaminophen lacks serious enough risks for REMS. Choice C is wrong because ibuprofen's OTC status and safety profile don't warrant REMS. Choice D is incorrect since only isotretinoin applies.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is correct because unbinding a drug from plasma proteins increases its free fraction, allowing more to be filtered and excreted by the kidneys, enhancing renal clearance. Choice A is incorrect as reduced kidney perfusion decreases excretion. Choice B is wrong because chronic renal disease impairs excretion, not increases it. Choice C is incorrect since competition for transport sites would reduce, not enhance, excretion.