ATI LPN
PN Pediatric Nursing Practice 2023 B Questions
Question 1 of 9
A 2-month-old infant presents with tachypnea and retractions. Chest x-ray shows hyperinflation and perihilar infiltrates. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchiolitis features tachypnea, retractions, and x-ray findings in infants, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
Question 2 of 9
A 6-year-old boy presents with fatigue and pallor. Labs show hemoglobin of 9 g/dL and MCV of 70 fL. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia is microcytic, per AAP. A, B, D, E differ.
Question 3 of 9
Diuresis has not occurred on a child with nephrotic syndrome after a month on corticosteroids. What protocol can the nurse encourage to bring about diuresis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cyclophosphamide (D), an immunosuppressant, induces diuresis in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Ibuprofen (A), furosemide (B), and ciprofloxacin (C) don’t address the underlying issue. Document: 'A potent antisuppressant such as Cytoxan can bring about diuresis.'
Question 4 of 9
Most frequent humoral immunologic abnormality in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Selective IgA deficiency is most common in ataxia-telangiectasia, impairing mucosal immunity (NORD). Other options (A, C-E) are less typical.
Question 5 of 9
A first-time father is changing the diaper of his 1-day-old daughter. He asks the nurse, 'What is this black, sticky stuff in her diaper?' The nurse’s best response
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Meconium B is the normal first stool, per document 8.
Question 6 of 9
A 2-year-old with a burn should avoid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Breaking blisters A increases infection risk, per document p58, 1.
Question 7 of 9
A child with a history of cystic fibrosis suddenly develops massive hemoptysis. The next step in management is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchial artery embolization is the urgent treatment for massive hemoptysis in cystic fibrosis, per CFF. A, C-E don’t address bleeding.
Question 8 of 9
A 12-year-old girl appears with polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss. Labs reveal blood glucose of 300 mg/dL and ketonuria. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes fits polyuria, weight loss, hyperglycemia, and ketonuria, per AAP (doc p150, Q594).
Question 9 of 9
A 5-year-old boy presents with abdominal pain and a palpable mass. CT shows a suprarenal mass with calcifications. Most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neuroblastoma is a common childhood tumor with a suprarenal mass and calcifications, per NCI. A, C-E differ in location or imaging.