ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
A 45-year-old female patient is admitted to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, fever, and nausea. She reports that the pain started suddenly and has progressively worsened. The healthcare provider suspects peritonitis and orders immediate interventions.
Physical examination
On examination, the patient has a distended abdomen, guarding, and rebound tenderness.
Her vital signs are as follows:
Temperature 102.4°F (39.1°C), Heart rate 120 bpm, Blood pressure 90/60 mmHg, and Respiratory rate 24 breaths per minute.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following complications is the nurse's highest priority to monitor for in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypovolemic shock: The patient's low blood pressure, high heart rate, and signs of fluid shifts from peritonitis indicate a high risk for hypovolemic shock, which is life-threatening and requires immediate monitoring. Sepsis is also critical but secondary in this context.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A female patient recently underwent a partial gastrectomy and is now presenting with symptoms of weakness, dizziness, and sweating, particularly after meals. Based on these symptoms, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dumping Syndrome: Dumping syndrome is a common complication following gastrectomy, where food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine. Symptoms such as weakness, dizziness, and sweating, particularly after meals, are characteristic of this condition. Peptic Ulcer Disease typically presents with epigastric pain. GERD is associated with heartburn and acid regurgitation. IBS involves bloating, abdominal discomfort, and altered bowel habits.
Question 3 of 5
A female patient presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, nausea, and a low-grade fever. After performing a physical examination and diagnostic imaging, the patient is diagnosed with acute appendicitis. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prepare the patient for an appendectomy: Appendectomy is the standard treatment for acute appendicitis to prevent complications like perforation. Antibiotics alone, discharge, or diet/rest are not appropriate.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with ascites has been admitted to your unit. Which of the following safety precautions should you reinforce to prevent complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Instruct the patient to change positions slowly: Ascites can cause orthostatic hypotension, so slow position changes prevent dizziness and falls. Avoiding activity, excess fluids, or tight clothing is not appropriate.
Question 5 of 5
A male patient presents with complaints of chronic stomach pain and is diagnosed with a Helicobacter pylori infection. The physician decides to initiate triple therapy. Which combination of medications is most appropriate for this treatment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, and Omeprazole: This is the standard triple therapy for H. pylori, combining two antibiotics and a PPI to eradicate the bacteria and promote healing. Other options are less effective or used in different regimens.