ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an admitted diagnosis of renal calculi and medical history of hypertension and gout. The client works 6 days of the week outside in temperatures between 32.2° C to 37.8° C (90° F to 100° F). Which of the following should the nurse tell the client to prevent a reoccurrence of renal calculi?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drink plenty of fluids during the day: Adequate hydration is the most important strategy to prevent the formation of renal calculi, especially in hot climates where fluid loss through sweat increases the risk. High oxalate and purine-rich foods can promote stone formation, and gout medication, while important, is not the primary intervention.
Question 2 of 5
A female patient recently underwent a partial gastrectomy and is now presenting with symptoms of weakness, dizziness, and sweating, particularly after meals. Based on these symptoms, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dumping Syndrome: Dumping syndrome is a common complication following gastrectomy, where food moves too quickly from the stomach to the small intestine. Symptoms such as weakness, dizziness, and sweating, particularly after meals, are characteristic of this condition. Peptic Ulcer Disease typically presents with epigastric pain. GERD is associated with heartburn and acid regurgitation. IBS involves bloating, abdominal discomfort, and altered bowel habits.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with ascites has been admitted to your unit. Which of the following safety precautions should you reinforce to prevent complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Instruct the patient to change positions slowly: Ascites can cause orthostatic hypotension, so slow position changes prevent dizziness and falls. Avoiding activity, excess fluids, or tight clothing is not appropriate.
Question 4 of 5
A patient undergoing chemotherapy reports painful oral ulcers, difficulty eating, and a metallic taste in the mouth. The nurse suspects stomatitis. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Recommend soft, non-irritating foods: This reduces discomfort and irritation in stomatitis. Alcohol-based mouthwash, avoiding all intake, or vigorous brushing can worsen symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is recovering from a common bile duct exploration and has a T-tube drain in place. As the nurse, which action is most appropriate to ensure proper function and patient safety?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintain the drainage bag below the level of the abdomen: This promotes gravity drainage of bile, ensuring proper T-tube function. Flushing, prolonged clamping, or securing to the gown are not appropriate.