ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated for medication management. Which of the following medications should be avoided due to its potential nephrotoxic effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vancomycin: Vancomycin is nephrotoxic and should be avoided or used cautiously in CKD patients. Atorvastatin, losartan, and low-dose aspirin are generally safe or beneficial.
Question 2 of 5
A female patient presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, nausea, and a low-grade fever. After performing a physical examination and diagnostic imaging, the patient is diagnosed with acute appendicitis. What is the most appropriate initial intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prepare the patient for an appendectomy: Appendectomy is the standard treatment for acute appendicitis to prevent complications like perforation. Antibiotics alone, discharge, or diet/rest are not appropriate.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has an intestinal obstruction and is receiving continuous gastrointestinal decompression using a nasogastric tube. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Measure abdominal girth daily: Measuring abdominal girth daily helps assess for changes in distention, which is important in monitoring the effectiveness of the decompression. Lemon-glycerin swabs can dry the oral mucosa, Fowler's position is appropriate but not the primary intervention here, and sterile water is not recommended for NG tube irrigation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing education to a client who has recently been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. Which of the following explanations by the nurse best simplifies and explains the disorder in non-medical terms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Crohn's disease has the appearance of a patchwork quilt with some areas that are clear and some with sores: This simplifies Crohn's skip lesion pattern for patients. Other options are either too technical or inaccurate.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, frequent bloody diarrhea, and signs of dehydration. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering during this exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prednisone: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is used to reduce inflammation during ulcerative colitis exacerbations. Metronidazole is more for Crohn's or infections, omeprazole treats GERD or ulcers, and loperamide risks toxic megacolon.