ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg U13 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a cholecystectomy due to gallstones. The client asks the nurse what caused the gallstones. Which of the following nurse statements best explains the cause of gallstones?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones: Gallstones form from cholesterol and bile salts, leading to inflammation (cholecystitis). Viral infections, bile duct blockages, or tumors are not primary causes.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is being evaluated for medication management. Which of the following medications should be avoided due to its potential nephrotoxic effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vancomycin: Vancomycin is nephrotoxic and should be avoided or used cautiously in CKD patients. Atorvastatin, losartan, and low-dose aspirin are generally safe or beneficial.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client admitted for renal calculus. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse associate with renal calculi? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: B, C, D, E: Gastrointestinal upset, urinary urgency, fever (indicating possible infection), and flank pain are associated with renal calculi. Incontinence is not typical.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with Crohn's disease is being discharged from the hospital. The nurse is providing dietary teaching to the patient. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a correct understanding of the dietary recommendations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I should include high-protein foods like chicken and fish in my diet: High-protein foods support healing and muscle maintenance in Crohn's disease. Plant-based-only or low-protein diets are not recommended.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with a history of ulcerative colitis presents to the clinic with complaints of fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Upon further assessment, you suspect chronic blood loss. Which potential complication is most likely contributing to these symptoms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iron-deficiency anemia: Chronic blood loss from ulcerative colitis can cause iron-deficiency anemia, leading to fatigue, dizziness, and pallor. Dehydration, hyperkalemia, and electrolyte imbalances do not directly cause these symptoms.