ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a child who has sickle cell crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend to include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Apply cold compresses to the affected areas. Cold can cause vasoconstriction, which may worsen the sickling and pain. Heat packs are generally recommended to promote circulation and relieve pain. Implement pain management on a PRN basis. Pain management should be consistent and proactive rather than PRN (as needed). Regular pain control is essential in managing sickle cell crises. Active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises daily. During a crisis, the child should rest and avoid physical activity to prevent further pain and complications. ROM exercises are more appropriate during non-crisis times for maintaining joint function. Promote hydration with IV and oral fluids. Hydration is crucial during a sickle cell crisis as it helps to decrease blood viscosity, reducing the risk of further sickling and vaso-occlusive events.
Question 2 of 5
A mother is concerned about what might have caused a heat rash on her infant. The nurse observes tiny pinhead-sized reddened papules on the infant's neck and axilla. What does the nurse explain as the most likely cause of this rash?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sun exposure: Sun exposure typically causes sunburn rather than tiny pinhead-sized papules. Allergic reaction: Allergic reactions often present with different types of lesions or hives, not typically tiny papules. Infection: Infections might cause different types of lesions or pustules rather than the described tiny papules. Heat and moisture: Heat rash (miliaria) results from blocked sweat ducts, leading to tiny red papules due to overheating and trapped sweat, commonly occurring in areas like the neck and axilla.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
Physical Examination
Vital Signs
Diagnostic Results
Guardians report the child has had a decrease in activity for 2 weeks. Child has been reporting pain in the legs. Guardians state that their child has been napping longer than usual and appears tired throughout the day. Child has had cold symptoms that have been persistent with a fever and congestion for the past 10 days. Guardians have been administering acetaminophen for fever with moderate relief
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of an adolescent who reports abdominal pain. Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. The nurse should first address the client's ___ followed by the client's ___
Correct Answer: A,F
Rationale: The nurse should first address the client's Pain followed by the client's heart rate. Pain: Priority: Pain is a critical factor that needs immediate attention, especially since the adolescent reports a high pain level of 9/10, which indicates severe discomfort. Unmanaged pain can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and potentially worsen the patient's condition. The adolescent is guarding the abdomen, which indicates severe pain possibly due to an underlying issue such as appendicitis or another serious abdominal pathology. The right lower quadrant pain and positive obturator sign suggest an acute abdomen, which could be life-threatening and requires urgent attention. Heart rate: Priority: After addressing pain, the nurse should focus on the heart rate, which is elevated at 124 beats per minute (tachycardia). Tachycardia in this context could be a response to pain or an indication of infection, dehydration, or another serious underlying condition. Given that the temperature is slightly elevated (38°C or 100.4°F), there is a possibility of an infectious process, which could be contributing to both pain and the elevated heart rate.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is suspected to have Enterobius vermicularis (pinworms). Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Test the stool for occult blood: Testing for occult blood in the stool is not relevant for diagnosing pinworms. Perform a tape test: The tape test involves applying transparent tape to the perianal area to collect pinworm eggs, which is the appropriate diagnostic method for Enterobius vermicularis. Initiate IV fluids: IV fluids are not indicated for the diagnosis or treatment of pinworms unless the child is severely dehydrated, which isn't suggested by the scenario. Collect stool specimens for culture: Stool culture is not used to diagnose pinworms; the tape test is more appropriate.
Question 5 of 5
What is an appropriate intervention for the edematous child with reduced mobility related to nephrotic syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Keep edematous areas moist and covered. Keeping edematous areas moist and covered can worsen edema by trapping moisture and heat, leading to increased swelling. Reach the child to minimize body movement. Minimizing body movement is not appropriate as it can lead to muscle weakness and stiffness. Encouraging gentle movement and position changes is beneficial. Change the child's position frequently. Changing the child's position frequently helps prevent complications such as pressure ulcers and improves circulation, which can aid in reducing edema. Keep the head of the child's bed flat. Elevating the head of the bed can help reduce edema by promoting venous return and reducing fluid accumulation in dependent areas.