ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A school nurse is completing routine health evaluations for school-age children. Which of the following manifestations should alert the nurse to the possibility of pediculosis capitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reports of scalp itchiness: Itchiness of the scalp is a common symptom of pediculosis capitis (head lice), caused by the allergic reaction to lice bites. This should alert the nurse to the possibility of head lice and warrant further examination. Patches of baldness: While bald patches can be seen in certain conditions like alopecia areata, they are not typically associated with pediculosis capitis. Dry patches on the scalp: Dry patches may indicate a condition like seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis, but they are not indicative of pediculosis capitis. Blisters on the scalp: Blisters are more likely associated with skin infections or conditions like impetigo, not pediculosis capitis.
Question 2 of 5
An adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus will become a member of the school's football cheerleader team. The adolescent excitedly reports to the school nurse to obtain information regarding adjustments needed in the treatment plan for the diabetes. The school nurse would explain to the adolescent to take which action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Take the prescribed insulin 30 minutes before practice or game time rather than in the morning. Insulin timing should generally be consistent with meal times to match insulin action with food intake. Adjusting timing without medical advice can lead to imbalanced blood sugar levels. Eat half the amount of food normally eaten at lunchtime. Eating less food than usual can lead to hypoglycemia during prolonged physical activity and is not recommended. Eat six graham crackers or drink a cup of orange juice before practice or game time. This action helps to prevent hypoglycemia during physical activity by providing quick-acting carbohydrates that can be readily absorbed and utilized by the body. Take two times the amount of prescribed insulin on practice and game days. Doubling insulin doses without medical supervision can lead to hypoglycemia and is not appropriate for managing blood sugar during physical activity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has a nosebleed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min. Tilting the head forward helps prevent blood from flowing down the throat and causing nausea or choking. Applying pressure to the nose for 10 minutes helps to stop the bleeding. Place the child in a sitting position and tilt her head back. Tilted head back can cause blood to flow down the throat and potentially cause aspiration or choking. It's not recommended in managing nosebleeds. Apply ice at the opening of the nares for 5 min and then re-check for bleeding. While cold compresses can help constrict blood vessels, direct pressure and maintaining a forward head position are more effective for stopping nosebleeds. Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her head. Supine position can cause blood to flow down the throat and is not recommended in managing nosebleeds due to the risk of aspiration.
Question 4 of 5
A school-age child in an emergency department has a 2-day history of nausea and vomiting and reports severe right lower quadrant pain. A nurse is preparing the child for an appendectomy. Which of the following statements by the child should the nurse find most concerning?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I'm tired and want to take a nap.' Common in sick children and not necessarily concerning in this context. 'I am scared and I want to go home.' Emotional response, typical in children facing surgery. 'I am hungry and thirsty.' Normal sensations and not indicative of the severity of the condition. 'My belly doesn't hurt anymore.' This statement suggests potential rupture or perforation of the appendix, which can lead to peritonitis and is a surgical emergency. A sudden relief of pain can indicate a worsening condition rather than improvement.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a toddler who has intussusception. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased appetite: Intussusception typically causes abdominal pain and discomfort, leading to a decreased appetite rather than increased. Jaundice: Jaundice is not a typical manifestation of intussusception. Drooling: Drooling is not associated with intussusception. Mucus in stools: Intussusception can cause mucus and bloody stools due to the irritation and inflammation in the intestine as it telescopes into itself.