ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a child who has a urinary tract infection. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evaluate the child's self-esteem. Self-esteem evaluation is important in general nursing care but is not a specific intervention for managing urinary tract infections. Encourage frequent voiding. Frequent voiding helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and prevents stasis, which can reduce the risk of urinary tract infections. Administer an antidiuretic. Antidiuretics reduce urine output and are not typically used in the treatment of urinary tract infections, which require adequate urine flow to flush out bacteria. Restrict fluids. Adequate hydration is important in managing urinary tract infections to promote urine flow and help flush out bacteria. Fluid restriction is not appropriate unless otherwise indicated.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child who is receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of leukemia and plans to address the expected needs of this client? Select all that apply.
| Excessive hair growth |
| Increased appetite |
| Fatigue |
| Possible infections |
| Easy bruising |
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: A. Excessive hair growth: Hair loss, not excessive hair growth, is a common side effect of chemotherapy. B. Increased appetite. Chemotherapy often causes nausea, vomiting, and reduced appetite, not an increase in appetite. C. Fatigue. Fatigue is a common side effect of chemotherapy due to its impact on the body, including reduced blood counts and overall systemic stress. D. Possible infections: Chemotherapy weakens the immune system, increasing the risk of infections. The nurse will monitor the child for signs of infection and implement measures to prevent them, like proper hand hygiene and maintaining a clean environment. E. Easy bruising: Chemotherapy can affect blood clotting, making the child more susceptible to bruising. The nurse will educate the parents and child about precautions to minimize bruising risks.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has a nosebleed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min. Tilting the head forward helps prevent blood from flowing down the throat and causing nausea or choking. Applying pressure to the nose for 10 minutes helps to stop the bleeding. Place the child in a sitting position and tilt her head back. Tilted head back can cause blood to flow down the throat and potentially cause aspiration or choking. It's not recommended in managing nosebleeds. Apply ice at the opening of the nares for 5 min and then re-check for bleeding. While cold compresses can help constrict blood vessels, direct pressure and maintaining a forward head position are more effective for stopping nosebleeds. Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her head. Supine position can cause blood to flow down the throat and is not recommended in managing nosebleeds due to the risk of aspiration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is prescribed ferrous sulfate. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: I expect the color of my urine to be amber.' Ferrous sulfate does not typically affect the color of urine. This statement indicates a misunderstanding of the medication's effects. 'I will expect dark, tarry stools.' Ferrous sulfate can cause stools to become dark or black, which is a common and expected side effect due to the iron content. This indicates the client understands a normal side effect of the medication. 'I will not get as many infections.' Ferrous sulfate is used to treat iron deficiency anemia and does not directly influence the incidence of infections. This indicates a lack of understanding of the medication's purpose. 'I will take extra care to protect against increased bruising.' Increased bruising is not associated with ferrous sulfate. This indicates a misunderstanding of the medication's side effects.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 7-year-old client who has an upper respiratory infection and a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the mother indicates a need for further instruction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: I will report changes in breathing or signs of confusion.' Correct action as changes in breathing or confusion can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis or other serious complications. 'I will encourage him to drink a half a cup of water or sugar-free fluid every 30 minutes.' Ensuring adequate fluid intake helps prevent dehydration and helps manage blood sugar levels during illness. 'I will notify the doctor if his temperature is not controlled with acetaminophen.' Correct action as fever may indicate an infection that needs further medical evaluation and treatment. 'I will continue to check his blood sugar two times every day.' When a child with diabetes is ill, blood sugar should be monitored more frequently, typically every 3-4 hours, to manage the risk of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia due to illness.