ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a child who has a urinary tract infection. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Evaluate the child's self-esteem. Self-esteem evaluation is important in general nursing care but is not a specific intervention for managing urinary tract infections. Encourage frequent voiding. Frequent voiding helps to flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and prevents stasis, which can reduce the risk of urinary tract infections. Administer an antidiuretic. Antidiuretics reduce urine output and are not typically used in the treatment of urinary tract infections, which require adequate urine flow to flush out bacteria. Restrict fluids. Adequate hydration is important in managing urinary tract infections to promote urine flow and help flush out bacteria. Fluid restriction is not appropriate unless otherwise indicated.
Question 2 of 5
An adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus will become a member of the school's football cheerleader team. The adolescent excitedly reports to the school nurse to obtain information regarding adjustments needed in the treatment plan for the diabetes. The school nurse would explain to the adolescent to take which action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Take the prescribed insulin 30 minutes before practice or game time rather than in the morning. Insulin timing should generally be consistent with meal times to match insulin action with food intake. Adjusting timing without medical advice can lead to imbalanced blood sugar levels. Eat half the amount of food normally eaten at lunchtime. Eating less food than usual can lead to hypoglycemia during prolonged physical activity and is not recommended. Eat six graham crackers or drink a cup of orange juice before practice or game time. This action helps to prevent hypoglycemia during physical activity by providing quick-acting carbohydrates that can be readily absorbed and utilized by the body. Take two times the amount of prescribed insulin on practice and game days. Doubling insulin doses without medical supervision can lead to hypoglycemia and is not appropriate for managing blood sugar during physical activity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a 1-year-old child who has Wilms' tumor. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not a typical finding associated with Wilms' tumor. Swollen joints: Swollen joints are not associated with Wilms' tumor and would suggest a different condition. Abdominal mass: Wilms' tumor typically presents with an asymptomatic abdominal mass that may be firm, non-tender, and palpable. Jaundice: Jaundice is not typically associated with Wilms' tumor and would suggest liver dysfunction or another underlying cause.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has a nosebleed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Have the child sit with her head tilted forward and hold pressure on her nose for 10 min. Tilting the head forward helps prevent blood from flowing down the throat and causing nausea or choking. Applying pressure to the nose for 10 minutes helps to stop the bleeding. Place the child in a sitting position and tilt her head back. Tilted head back can cause blood to flow down the throat and potentially cause aspiration or choking. It's not recommended in managing nosebleeds. Apply ice at the opening of the nares for 5 min and then re-check for bleeding. While cold compresses can help constrict blood vessels, direct pressure and maintaining a forward head position are more effective for stopping nosebleeds. Place the child in a supine position with a pillow under her head. Supine position can cause blood to flow down the throat and is not recommended in managing nosebleeds due to the risk of aspiration.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has had watery diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following is an action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Offer chicken broth: Chicken broth alone may not provide adequate electrolyte replacement and hydration needed for managing diarrhea-related dehydration. Keep NPO until the diarrhea subsides: NPO status is generally not necessary unless the child is unable to tolerate oral fluids. ORT is preferred to maintain hydration. Start hypertonic IV solution: Hypertonic IV solutions are not typically used for routine management of dehydration from diarrhea in children. ORT is safer and effective. Assist with initiating oral rehydration therapy: Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is the primary intervention for managing dehydration due to diarrhea in children. It helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes and is the recommended first-line treatment.