ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
An adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus will become a member of the school's football cheerleader team. The adolescent excitedly reports to the school nurse to obtain information regarding adjustments needed in the treatment plan for the diabetes. The school nurse would explain to the adolescent to take which action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Take the prescribed insulin 30 minutes before practice or game time rather than in the morning. Insulin timing should generally be consistent with meal times to match insulin action with food intake. Adjusting timing without medical advice can lead to imbalanced blood sugar levels. Eat half the amount of food normally eaten at lunchtime. Eating less food than usual can lead to hypoglycemia during prolonged physical activity and is not recommended. Eat six graham crackers or drink a cup of orange juice before practice or game time. This action helps to prevent hypoglycemia during physical activity by providing quick-acting carbohydrates that can be readily absorbed and utilized by the body. Take two times the amount of prescribed insulin on practice and game days. Doubling insulin doses without medical supervision can lead to hypoglycemia and is not appropriate for managing blood sugar during physical activity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a 1-year-old child who has Wilms' tumor. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diarrhea: Diarrhea is not a typical finding associated with Wilms' tumor. Swollen joints: Swollen joints are not associated with Wilms' tumor and would suggest a different condition. Abdominal mass: Wilms' tumor typically presents with an asymptomatic abdominal mass that may be firm, non-tender, and palpable. Jaundice: Jaundice is not typically associated with Wilms' tumor and would suggest liver dysfunction or another underlying cause.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a child who has sickle-cell disease and is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Constipation: Vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle-cell disease is characterized by severe pain due to ischemia from blocked blood flow, rather than gastrointestinal symptoms like constipation. Vomiting: Vomiting is not typically associated with vaso-occlusive crisis but may occur due to pain or other causes. Pain: Pain is the hallmark symptom of vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle-cell disease, caused by ischemia and tissue damage. Bradycardia: Bradycardia is not a typical finding in vaso-occlusive crisis; instead, tachycardia might be present due to pain or stress.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse working at a clinic speaks on the telephone with a parent of a 2-month-old infant. The parent tells the nurse that the infant has projectile vomiting followed by hunger after meals. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Give your infant an oral rehydration solution.' While rehydration is important, projectile vomiting could indicate a more serious underlying issue that needs medical evaluation. 'You might want to try switching to a different formula.' Formula intolerance is less likely to cause projectile vomiting. A change in formula should not be suggested without ruling out more serious conditions first. 'Bring your infant into the clinic today to be seen.' Projectile vomiting in an infant, especially when followed by hunger, can indicate pyloric stenosis, a condition that requires prompt medical evaluation. The infant should be seen by a healthcare provider to determine the cause and initiate appropriate treatment. 'Burp your child more frequently during feedings.' Burping can help with regular gas and minor feeding issues, but it is unlikely to resolve projectile vomiting.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a child who has sickle cell crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend to include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Apply cold compresses to the affected areas. Cold can cause vasoconstriction, which may worsen the sickling and pain. Heat packs are generally recommended to promote circulation and relieve pain. Implement pain management on a PRN basis. Pain management should be consistent and proactive rather than PRN (as needed). Regular pain control is essential in managing sickle cell crises. Active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises daily. During a crisis, the child should rest and avoid physical activity to prevent further pain and complications. ROM exercises are more appropriate during non-crisis times for maintaining joint function. Promote hydration with IV and oral fluids. Hydration is crucial during a sickle cell crisis as it helps to decrease blood viscosity, reducing the risk of further sickling and vaso-occlusive events.