ATI LPN
ATI LPN UT1 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tension pneumothorax causes increased intrathoracic pressure, leading to decreased venous return and reduced cardiac output.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing care to a client who has a history of asthma. The client presents with influenza symptoms that started the previous day. The provider orders an influenza test and prescribes an oral antiviral with instructions to begin the treatment as soon as possible. The client asks the nurse whether they can take the antiviral before the lab results are back. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antivirals are most effective when initiated within 48 hours of influenza symptom onset, especially in high-risk individuals like those with asthma.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following assessment findings is a possible cause for this condition? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: C: Vomiting leads to loss of stomach acid, causing metabolic alkalosis. D: Excessive antacid use neutralizes stomach acid, increasing blood pH.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ARDS involves decreased pulmonary compliance due to the stiffness of the lungs, which results from diffuse alveolar damage and the formation of hyaline membranes. This stiffness makes it difficult for the lungs to expand.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has metabolic acidosis. The nurse should realize that which of the following findings contributes to the development of metabolic acidosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diarrhea leads to bicarbonate loss, contributing to metabolic acidosis.