ATI LPN
ATI LPN UT1 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
History
A 30-year-old woman presents with nasal congestion, sneezing, and a runny nose for the past few weeks. She also reports itching in her nose and eyes. Her symptoms seem to worsen during the day, especially when she is indoors. She denies any fever or purulent nasal discharge.
Physical examination
A 30-year-old woman presents with nasal congestion, sneezing, and a runny nose for the past few weeks. She also reports itching in her nose and eyes. Her symptoms seem to worsen during the day, especially when she is indoors. She denies any fever or purulent nasal discharge.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment strategy for this patient, who is likely experiencing allergic rhinitis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intranasal corticosteroids are the most effective treatment for allergic rhinitis, reducing inflammation and alleviating symptoms.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing care to a client who reports facial pain, including dental pain in the upper teeth. Which of the following additional symptoms would lead the nurse to suspect sinusitis as the source of the pain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Persistent nasal congestion despite decongestants or antihistamines suggests sinusitis, indicating inflammation or infection in the sinuses.
Question 3 of 5
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about fluid shifts. The newly licensed nurse asks why sodium levels are high during dehydration. Which of the following responses should the charge nurse provide?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In dehydration, water loss leads to higher sodium concentration, drawing water from cells to balance osmotic pressure, elevating sodium levels.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has tension pneumothorax. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect following tracheal deviation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tension pneumothorax compresses the heart and vessels, leading to decreased venous return and cardiac output.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports persistent vomiting, dizziness, palpitations, and numbness and tingling in his fingers and toes and around his mouth. The nurse notes the client's respirations are slow and shallow. The nurse should suspect that the client has developed which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis occurs due to a loss of hydrogen ions or an excess of bicarbonate, commonly caused by prolonged vomiting. The symptoms described, including persistent vomiting, tingling, and slow, shallow respirations, are consistent with metabolic alkalosis.