ATI LPN
ATI LPN UT1 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to thin the client's respiratory secretions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake helps thin respiratory secretions, making them easier to clear from the lungs.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and is receiving intravenous (IV) hypotonic fluid replacement. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse understand is an indication of an adverse effect from the administration of hypotonic fluids?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypotonic fluids can cause cerebral edema, manifesting as confusion, which is a serious adverse effect.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge education to a client who has hypokalemia. Which of the following suggestions should be included in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness, which should be reported promptly to prevent complications like respiratory failure or arrhythmias.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for several clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following clients have an elevated risk for hypocalcemia?
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: A: Renal failure reduces vitamin D activation, lowering calcium absorption. B: Thyroidectomy can damage parathyroids, affecting calcium regulation. D: Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium absorption. E: Bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption, potentially lowering calcium levels.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has seasonal allergies and is taking an antihistamine. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this type of medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dry mouth is a common adverse effect of many antihistamines. This occurs due to their anticholinergic effects, which decrease saliva production.