ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 6 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 65-year-old male patient presents with sudden onset of oliguria and signs of dehydration His blood pressure is 90/60 mmHg, heart rate is 110 bpm and he has poor skin turgor. Laboratory results show elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN and creatinine levels. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his acute kidney injury (AKI)?
Correct Answer: Hypovolemia from dehydration reduces renal perfusion, causing pre-renal AKI, as evidenced by elevated BUN and creatinine.
Rationale:
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a T-tube following gallbladder surgery. Which of the following is the most important nursing action?
Correct Answer: Monitoring T-tube drainage ensures proper biliary function and detects obstructions, which is critical post-gallbladder surgery.
Rationale:
Question 3 of 5
A patient is diagnosed with Brown-Sequard syndrome after a spinal cord injury. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: Brown-Sequard syndrome causes loss of motor function and position sense on the same side as the spinal cord injury due to hemisection.
Rationale:
Question 4 of 5
A patient with Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) may present with which of the following symptoms?
Correct Answer: SIADH causes hyponatremia from excessive water retention, leading to confusion or altered mental status.
Rationale:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports to the clinic for laboratory tests. The client has an acute injury caused by acute tubular necrosis and asks why their glomerular filtration rate keeps decreasing. Which of the following pathophysiological changes occurring in the kidney should the nurse explain as the cause of decrease?
Correct Answer: Injury to renal tubular cells in acute tubular necrosis impairs their function, reducing the kidney's ability to filter blood, thus decreasing the glomerular filtration rate.
Rationale: