ATI LPN
ATI LPN UT1 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is postoperative and has a respiratory rate of 7/min. The arterial blood gas (ABG) values include: pH 7.22, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, Base excess -2, PaO2 78 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 80%, Bicarbonate 28 mEq/L. Which of the following interpretations of the ABG values should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is indicated by a low pH and high PaCO2. The client's pH is 7.22 (acidic) and PaCO2 is 68 mm Hg (elevated), consistent with respiratory acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a tracheostomy and has copious and tenacious secretions. Which of the following is an acceptable method for the nurse to use to thin this client's secretions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Humidified oxygen moistens the airways, thinning secretions and making them easier to clear.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is the most common risk factor for emphysema?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Tobacco smoking is the most common risk factor for emphysema. Smoking leads to chronic inflammation and damage to the alveoli.
Question 4 of 5
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nurses about diffusion. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in their teaching about diffusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diffusion is accurately described as the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a respiratory disorder and displays manifestations of hypoxia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, is a key sign of hypoxia. It occurs when there is insufficient oxygen in the blood, leading to a darker color of deoxygenated hemoglobin.