ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following is important for the nurse to assess and monitor in a patient prescribed metformin (Glucophage)? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Metformin is excreted by kidneys, so renal/hepatic disease increases lactic acidosis risk. Contrast dye procedures require temporary discontinuation to prevent toxicity. Heart failure contraindicates metformin due to lactic acidosis risk. Fluid retention and weight gain are less directly related.
Question 2 of 5
Why must the nurse instruct a patient receiving metformin (Glucophage XL) to avoid crushing or chewing the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glucophage XL is an extended-release formulation designed for slow metformin release. Crushing or chewing disrupts this, causing rapid drug release, which can increase side effects like hypoglycemia or GI distress, altering the intended effect.
Question 3 of 5
If injection sites are not rotated regularly, the patient with diabetes mellitus may suffer from which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lipodystrophy refers to a localized loss of fat tissue or a change in the distribution of fat tissue due to repeated injections at the same site. In patients with diabetes mellitus, injecting insulin into the same site repeatedly can lead to lipodystrophy, affecting insulin absorption and glycaemic control. Petechiae are small, red or purple spots due to bleeding under the skin, not typically related to injection sites. Hematoma is a collection of blood from vessel puncture, not a chronic injection issue. Pustules are pus-filled lesions usually from infection, not injection site repetition.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of urinary tract infection. The physician has ordered an antibiotic. What is the priority prior to administering this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A urine culture and sensitivity test identifies the causative bacteria and effective antibiotics, ensuring targeted treatment. Platelet count, blood pressure, and PTT are not priorities for UTI antibiotic administration.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is important for the nurse to assess and monitor in a patient prescribed metformin (Glucophage)? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Metformin is excreted by kidneys, so renal/hepatic disease increases lactic acidosis risk. Contrast dye procedures require temporary discontinuation to prevent toxicity. Heart failure contraindicates metformin due to lactic acidosis risk. Fluid retention and weight gain are less directly related.