ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient who has just been prescribed an incretin enhancer, asks the nurse how it works. The nurse informs the patient that these types of medications:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Incretin enhancers (e.g., DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists) amplify incretin hormones, which stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreas in response to meals, aiding glucose control. They don’t increase insulin production, primarily reduce glucagon (a secondary effect), or decrease glucose uptake.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer diazepam 3 mg IM. The amount available is diazepam for injection 5 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.6
Rationale:
To calculate the volume, use: Volume (mL) = Dose (mg) ÷ Concentration (mg/mL). Given a dose of 3 mg and concentration of 5 mg/mL, Volume = 3 ÷ 5 = 0.6 mL, rounded to the nearest tenth as instructed.
Question 3 of 5
Which adverse effect unique to vancomycin is caused by histamine release?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Red-man syndrome is a histamine-mediated reaction to rapid vancomycin infusion, causing flushing, rash, and pruritus. It is not an allergy but a direct drug effect. Discoloration is associated with rifampin, while ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity are vancomycin side effects unrelated to histamine.
Question 4 of 5
The term 'mutations' refers to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mutations are permanent, inheritable DNA changes that can alter organism traits, including drug resistance. Other options describe pathogens, antibiotics, or virulence, not mutations.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer vitamin K 1 mg IM to a newborn. Available is vitamin K injection 1 mg/0.5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.5
Rationale: Using the formula: Volume (mL) = Dose (mg) ÷ Concentration (mg/mL), and noting concentration is 1 mg/0.5 mL (or 2 mg/mL), for a 1 mg dose, Volume = 1 ÷ 2 = 0.5 mL, which is already to the nearest tenth.