ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Quiz Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Untreated or improperly treated diabetes is the primary cause of the following: (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Diabetes is a leading cause of new blindness (diabetic retinopathy), nontraumatic lower extremity amputations (due to neuropathy and poor circulation), and renal failure (diabetic nephropathy). Pancreatitis and hepatitis are not directly caused by diabetes but have other etiologies like gallstones or viral infections.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following complaints by a man taking gentamycin would be most indicative that he is experiencing ototoxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside, can cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss or tinnitus. Difficulty hearing the television directly indicates auditory impairment. Tingling suggests neuropathy, BUN/creatinine elevation indicates nephrotoxicity, and mental status changes are nonspecific.
Question 3 of 5
Your patient is allergic to penicillin. He may also have a cross-allergy to which class of antibiotics?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cephalosporins are structurally and chemically related to penicillins, sharing a beta-lactam ring that can cause cross-allergy in some patients. The risk varies by cephalosporin generation and patient sensitivity, but caution is warranted. Aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and macrolides have different structures and no significant cross-allergy with penicillins, making them safer alternatives for penicillin-allergic patients.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following differentiates a bacteriostatic drug from a bactericidal drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bacteriostatic drugs prevent bacterial proliferation, allowing the immune system to clear the infection, while bactericidal drugs directly kill bacteria. Spectrum or mechanism (e.g., protein vs. nucleic acid synthesis) varies by drug, not by static vs. cidal classification.
Question 5 of 5
The term 'mutations' refers to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mutations are permanent, inheritable DNA changes that can alter organism traits, including drug resistance. Other options describe pathogens, antibiotics, or virulence, not mutations.