ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
When preparing medications for delivery to an assigned patient, the nurse should check each medication for accuracy of drug and dose:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Checking medications only once increases the likelihood of errors. Safe practice requires multiple verification steps. While better than a single check, verifying only twice may still miss potential discrepancies in drug or dosage accuracy. The three-check system (when retrieving, preparing, and administering medication) minimizes errors, ensuring patient safety through consistent validation at each step. Excessive verification may delay administration, reducing practicality without significantly improving safety beyond three checks.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse has an order to administer a schedule II drug to a patient. When working with medications of this type, the responsibility of the nurse is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Checking with another nurse may occur, but it's not mandatory for all schedule II drugs; documentation is the primary legal responsibility to track controlled substances accurately. Signing out on a narcotic sheet is required; schedule II drugs like opioids need strict tracking to prevent diversion, ensuring accountability per federal and hospital regulations. Leaving medication at the bedside violates security; schedule II drugs must remain controlled, as unattended narcotics risk theft or misuse, breaching safety protocols entirely. Extra water is irrelevant to responsibility; it's a hydration tip, not a legal or safety duty tied to administering highly regulated schedule II controlled substances.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse caring for a patient without any religious affiliation who was admitted 2 days ago with a severe gastrointestinal infection encounters the hospital chaplain who wants to pray with the patient. The most appropriate response by the nurse is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Permission respects autonomy; without religious affiliation, the patient may decline, and consent ensures ethical care aligned with individual beliefs. Assuming the patient’s preference without asking dismisses autonomy, endorsing without consent risks imposing unwanted activity, and a doctor’s order is unnecessary for prayer, which is a chaplain’s role.
Question 4 of 5
After receiving Nembutal PO at bedtime, a client is wide awake all night instead of going to sleep. What kind of adverse reaction to a drug does this situation represent?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Toxic effects involve overdose symptoms like coma; staying awake isn’t toxicity, as Nembutal’s sedative intent is reversed, not exaggerated, in this reaction.
Drug allergy causes immune responses (e.g., rash); insomnia isn’t allergic, but a paradoxical effect, differing from hypersensitivity reactions entirely.
Idiosyncrasy is an unexpected reaction; Nembutal, a barbiturate, should sedate, but wakefulness is an abnormal, individual response, fitting this category precisely.
Tolerance reduces efficacy over time; this acute, opposite reaction to a sedative isn’t tolerance, but an immediate, unpredictable drug response.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notes that the patient is scratching and has hives 2 hours after receiving a dose of antibiotic medication. The patient soon starts having difficulty breathing and his blood pressure drops. What is the correct analysis of the patient's condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Moderate reactions don't cause breathing difficulty or hypotension. Severe symptoms indicate anaphylaxis, requiring emergency intervention. Symptoms align with anaphylaxis, not food poisoning. Assuming an unrelated cause delays life-saving treatment. Mild reactions lack systemic effects like hypotension and breathing difficulties. Antihistamines alone are insufficient for anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis involves systemic reactions such as hypotension, airway constriction, and skin symptoms. Immediate interventions prevent progression and save lives.