ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which nursing action is appropriate when pulling the plunger of the syringe back prior to administering medication and blood is aspirated in the syringe?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood aspiration indicates vascular entry; discarding prevents IV administration of a drug meant for another route, avoiding rapid absorption risks or contamination. Giving despite blood risks unintended IV delivery; drugs like IM injections aren't formulated for this, potentially causing toxicity or embolism. Changing the needle doesn't address blood-mixed medication; it remains unsafe for injection, as the dose is compromised and potentially contaminated. Omitting skips treatment unnecessarily; the issue is procedural, not the order, and restarting ensures the patient receives the intended therapy safely.
Question 2 of 5
When preparing to administer an intradermal injection to an adult, the nurse ensures that the dose amount does not exceed 0.1 mL. A 1 mL tuberculin syringe is used with a 25-gauge needle and is administered at which angle?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 12-degree angle is too shallow, increasing the risk of incorrect placement and ineffective administration of the intradermal injection. The 15-degree angle ensures precise intradermal placement, forming a wheal that indicates proper administration into the dermis for optimal absorption. A 30-degree angle places the medication too deep into subcutaneous tissue, compromising intended drug absorption. A 45-degree angle results in subcutaneous rather than intradermal injection, altering the drug's effectiveness and purpose.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse explains that a drug may have several names. The trade name is the only name that can be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Retailers use trade or generic names; trade isn't exclusive here, as generics are sold too, making this a shared rather than unique trait. Chemical names define molecular structure (e.g., acetaminophen); trade names (e.g., Tylenol) are brand-specific, not tied to chemistry recognition. Orders use trade or generic names (e.g., Zestril or lisinopril); trade isn't the only option, as generics are equally valid in prescriptions. Trade names are trademarked (e.g., Viagra); this legal protection distinguishes them from generic or chemical names, ensuring brand exclusivity.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is going to administer a medication that must be crushed for the patient to take it. This medication is best given to the patient by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Applesauce masks taste and aids swallowing; it ensures crushed medication is consumed fully, maintaining dose integrity without altering pharmacokinetics significantly. Juice may alter absorption, water may not mask bitterness, and meat/vegetables risk uneven distribution.
Question 5 of 5
Before integrating humor in the care of an Asian patient, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Understanding jokes assumes comprehension but ignores cultural comfort; humor's acceptability varies, and this misses emotional readiness assessment. Jokes about staff may offend or confuse; without patient input, this risks cultural insensitivity, especially in Asian contexts valuing respect for authority. Asking feelings respects cultural norms; humor's therapeutic effect depends on patient receptivity, ensuring it aligns with individual and cultural preferences. Joking about conditions can distress; it's culturally inappropriate in many Asian settings, potentially worsening trust or emotional state without consent.