ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pediatrics II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
What instruction will the nurse give to parents about preventing the spread and reinfection of pinworms?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wash bed linens in cold water. Washing bed linens in cold water is ineffective for killing pinworm eggs. Hot water should be used to properly sanitize linens and kill the eggs. Clean the bathroom with bleach solution. While cleaning the bathroom with bleach can help reduce contamination, it is not a primary or effective measure for preventing pinworm spread and reinfection in a household setting. Keep children's nails short. Keeping nails short reduces the likelihood of the child scratching the perianal area, where pinworm eggs are deposited, and then ingesting the eggs through hand-to-mouth contact. This helps prevent the spread and reinfection of pinworms. Dress child in loose-fitting underwear. Loose-fitting underwear does not specifically help in preventing the spread or reinfection of pinworms. Tight-fitting underwear may actually be better to prevent the spread of eggs to other surfaces.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a 2-year-old toddler who has acute gastroenteritis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Initiate isotonic fluids with 20 mEq/L potassium chloride. The priority in treating acute gastroenteritis in a toddler is to manage dehydration, which is often severe due to fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Isotonic fluids with electrolytes like potassium chloride help to restore fluid balance and prevent complications like electrolyte imbalances. This is the most urgent action to stabilize the child's condition. Request evaluation of the toddler's serum electrolytes. While important, this can be done after fluid resuscitation has begun to assess the severity of electrolyte imbalances. Determine if the toddler is voiding. Important for assessing renal function, but not the first priority in acute gastroenteritis. Collect a stool sample from the toddler. Useful for identifying the causative organism but not as urgent as fluid resuscitation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a child who has sickle cell crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend to include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Apply cold compresses to the affected areas. Cold can cause vasoconstriction, which may worsen the sickling and pain. Heat packs are generally recommended to promote circulation and relieve pain. Implement pain management on a PRN basis. Pain management should be consistent and proactive rather than PRN (as needed). Regular pain control is essential in managing sickle cell crises. Active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises daily. During a crisis, the child should rest and avoid physical activity to prevent further pain and complications. ROM exercises are more appropriate during non-crisis times for maintaining joint function. Promote hydration with IV and oral fluids. Hydration is crucial during a sickle cell crisis as it helps to decrease blood viscosity, reducing the risk of further sickling and vaso-occlusive events.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintain a saline-lock. Maintaining a saline lock is important for potential intravenous access, but it is not the most urgent priority compared to actions that directly monitor the child's condition and help manage the disease. Educate the parents about potential complications. Parental education is important for long-term management and understanding of the condition, but it is not the most immediate priority in the acute phase of the illness. Place the child on a no-salt-added diet. A no-salt-added diet is important to help manage fluid retention and hypertension, which are common in acute glomerulonephritis. However, while important, it does not take immediate priority over assessing the child's fluid status. Check the child's weight daily. Monitoring daily weight is crucial in acute glomerulonephritis, as it helps assess fluid balance and detect early signs of fluid retention or worsening kidney function, which are key concerns in this condition. This makes it a priority action.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a parent of an infant who has gastroesophageal reflux. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: I will keep my baby in an upright position after feeding.' Keeping the infant upright after feedings helps reduce reflux by utilizing gravity to keep the stomach contents from coming back up into the esophagus. 'I will have to feed my baby formula, rather than breast milk.' Breast milk is actually preferred for infants with reflux as it is digested more quickly than formula, which may reduce reflux episodes. 'My baby's formula can be thickened with oatmeal.' While thickening feeds can help in some cases, it's generally done with rice cereal under the guidance of a healthcare provider. Oatmeal is not typically recommended for thickening formula for young infants. 'I should move my baby into a side-lying position during sleep.' Side-lying position is not recommended for sleep due to the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The baby should be placed on their back to sleep.